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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 counseling and testing program in the prenatal setting.
A D Bardeguez1, T Denny, P Palumbo
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Medicine and Dentistry-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology
|January 1, 1995
Summary
Prenatal HIV-1 testing acceptance was high in a high-prevalence area, identifying new cases and enabling early intervention for women and infants. This highlights the effectiveness of voluntary counseling and testing programs.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
Background:
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) remains a significant global health concern.
- Early detection and intervention are crucial for managing HIV-1 and preventing transmission.
- Prenatal care settings offer a unique opportunity for widespread HIV-1 screening.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the acceptance rate of HIV-1 testing among pregnant women in a high-prevalence area.
- To characterize the sociodemographic and clinical profiles of newly diagnosed HIV-1-seropositive women in the prenatal setting.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of a prenatal HIV-1 counseling and testing program.
- Data collected from University Hospital, Newark, NJ, between 1989 and 1990.
Main Results:
- An HIV-1 testing acceptance rate of 67% (741/1,114) was observed.
- 40 new HIV-1 cases (5.3%) were identified, with heterosexual contact as the primary exposure route.
- Most seropositive women (64%) were asymptomatic, with a mean CD4 count of 514 cells/mm³; 22% showed severe immunosuppression.
Conclusions:
- Voluntary HIV-1 counseling and testing programs are well-accepted in prenatal settings.
- Early identification of asymptomatic HIV-1-seropositive women and infants is achievable.
- Prenatal HIV-1 testing facilitates early intervention and therapy, improving outcomes.
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