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Related Concept Videos

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated01:30

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated

Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also called...
Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification01:23

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification

Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Delayed-Release Systems01:11

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Delayed-Release Systems

Delayed-release drug delivery systems are specialized pharmaceutical formulations designed to postpone the release of active compounds until the drug reaches a specific region of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, typically the intestine. These systems are essential for drugs that may cause gastric irritation, are unstable in acidic environments, or need to exert therapeutic effects locally in the intestinal or colonic regions.The core feature of delayed-release systems is the use of enteric...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I01:22

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I

Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...

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Alternating Magnetic Field-Responsive Hybrid Gelatin Microgels for Controlled Drug Release
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Polyelectrolyte multilayers for tunable release of antibiotics.

Helen F Chuang1, Reneé C Smith, Paula T Hammond

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.

Biomacromolecules
|May 15, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed tunable polyelectrolyte multilayers containing gentamicin. These drug-eluting films effectively target Staphylococcus aureus while remaining non-toxic to bone cells, offering a versatile drug delivery system.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) offer tunable platforms for drug delivery.
  • Incorporating active small molecules into PEMs often requires premodification, limiting versatility.
  • Developing methods for facile incorporation of bioactive agents is crucial for advanced biomaterials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate and characterize polyelectrolyte multilayers incorporating gentamicin.
  • To investigate the controlled release kinetics of gentamicin from the PEMs.
  • To evaluate the efficacy and biocompatibility of the gentamicin-loaded PEMs.

Main Methods:

  • Layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition was employed to construct heterostructural PEMs.
  • Gentamicin was incorporated into the PEM structure without chemical premodification.
  • In vitro assays were performed to assess antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and cytotoxicity toward MC3T3 osteoblasts.

Main Results:

  • PEMs with precisely controlled gentamicin dosage were successfully fabricated.
  • Tunable release rates of gentamicin under physiological conditions were achieved.
  • The gentamicin-loaded PEMs exhibited significant efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus.
  • No observable toxicity was found toward murine osteoblasts (MC3T3).

Conclusions:

  • LbL assembly provides a general strategy for incorporating charged small molecules into PEMs.
  • This approach expands the range of deliverable active species without complex premodification.
  • The developed gentamicin-loaded PEMs represent a promising biomaterial for localized infection treatment and bone tissue engineering.