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Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
Aortic Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management01:17

Aortic Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management

A nurse managing a patient with aortic regurgitation begins with a comprehensive assessment, including a review of the patient's medical history, family history, and lifestyle factors. During the cardiac examination, the nurse listens for heart sounds and checks for signs of valve abnormalities. The nurse also observes for symptoms such as dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and assesses the patient's endurance and daily activity tolerance.Based on the findings, the nurse...
Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement
14:14

Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement

Published on: December 11, 2017

Prosthetic valve dysfunction presenting as intermittent acute aortic regurgitation.

Dali Fan1, Amgad N Makaryus, Anne Hamik

  • 1Division of Cardiology, North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, New York 11030, USA. dfan@nshs.edu

Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.)
|May 15, 2008
PubMed
Summary

A case study highlights intermittent aortic regurgitation (AI) in a patient with a Medtronic Hall prosthesis, presenting as acute heart failure. This AI showed variable diastolic flow patterns, impacting prosthetic valve function.

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Surgically Induced Cardiac Volume Overload by Aortic Regurgitation in Mouse
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Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement
14:14

Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement

Published on: December 11, 2017

In vitro Assessment of Aortic Regurgitation Using Four-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging
11:16

In vitro Assessment of Aortic Regurgitation Using Four-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: February 25, 2022

Surgically Induced Cardiac Volume Overload by Aortic Regurgitation in Mouse
08:12

Surgically Induced Cardiac Volume Overload by Aortic Regurgitation in Mouse

Published on: August 30, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • A 43-year-old male patient with a history of aortic stenosis underwent aortic valve replacement in 1991 using a 25-mm Medtronic Hall prosthesis.
  • The patient presented with recurrent acute episodes of dyspnea and flash pulmonary edema, indicative of acute heart failure.

Observation:

  • Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography were performed to assess the prosthetic valve function.
  • These imaging modalities revealed intermittent episodes of aortic regurgitation (AI).

Findings:

  • Color M-mode flow mapping documented variable durations of diastolic flow (early vs. pandiastolic) across the left ventricular outflow tract.
  • Pulse wave Doppler in the descending thoracic aorta confirmed similar variability in diastolic flow reversal, consistent with intermittent AI.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of comprehensive echocardiographic assessment to detect subtle or intermittent prosthetic valve dysfunction.
  • Understanding variable diastolic flow patterns is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of patients with mechanical aortic valve prostheses.
  • Intermittent AI can lead to significant hemodynamic compromise, necessitating careful monitoring and timely intervention.