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Assessment of the Cardiovascular System III: Palpation01:27

Assessment of the Cardiovascular System III: Palpation

Palpation involves feeling the body to evaluate texture, size, consistency, and tenderness for assessing cardiovascular health. The following steps are organized in a head-to-toe order:
Jugular Venous Pressure (JVP) Measurement
Position the patient at a thirty- to forty-five-degree angle or in a semi-fowler's position. Look for the highest point of pulsation in the internal jugular vein and measure the vertical distance to the angle of Loius or sternal angle. A normal JVP is 3-4 cm above the...
Vascular Spasm01:16

Vascular Spasm

The vascular phase, also known as vasospasm, is the initial stage of hemostasis, crucial for preventing excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. After a vessel is cut, nerves in the damaged area trigger pain and other sensory impulses. Simultaneously, the smooth muscles in the vessel wall contract, resulting in a vascular spasm. This contraction reduces the vessel's diameter at the injury site, slowing or stopping blood loss through the vessel wall. Vascular spasms typically last for...
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Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
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Atherosclerosis IV: Nursing Management

Nursing management for a patient with arteriosclerosis involves a comprehensive approach focusing on lifestyle modification, disease monitoring, education, and symptomatic care. Here is an overview of effective nursing strategies:Assessment and Monitoring: Initial and ongoing assessments are crucial. Nurses must document the patient's medical history, including any hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and other cardiovascular diseases. Assessments also cover family history and lifestyle...
Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:26

Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Varicose veins, or varicosities, develop when the valves in the veins, which control blood flow, weaken or damage. It causes blood to pool and the veins to enlarge. Understanding the clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and management options for varicose veins is crucial for effective treatment and relief.Clinical manifestationsClinical manifestations of varicose veins include a heavy, achy feeling or pain after prolonged standing or sitting. This discomfort can often be relieved by...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
04:44

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease

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Asymmetric scleroderma in a CVA patient.

V F Azevedo1, C Mueller, S C Aragão

  • 1Rheumatology Unit, Hospital de Clínicas-Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. valderilio@hotmail.com

Clinical Rheumatology
|May 15, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Systemic sclerosis can present with unusual asymmetric skin and bone changes. Hemiplegia may offer a protective effect against these sclerodermic alterations and acroosteolysis in affected limbs.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Neurology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Systemic sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis, vascular abnormalities, and immune dysregulation.
  • Cerebral vascular accident (stroke) can lead to hemiplegia, affecting motor function on one side of the body.
  • Asymmetrical manifestations are known in systemic sclerosis, but a protective effect of hemiplegia is rarely reported.

Observation:

  • A case of systemic sclerosis with cerebral vascular accident is presented.
  • Cutaneous manifestations and distal acroosteolysis were observed.
  • These sclerodermic alterations and acroosteolysis occurred asymmetrically, predominantly on the non-paretic limb.

Findings:

  • The hemiplegic side showed a distinct sparing effect from sclerodermic alterations and acroosteolysis.

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  • This asymmetric pattern suggests a potential protective role of hemiplegia in the progression of scleroderma.
  • Literature review revealed only one prior case describing hemiplegic protection in scleroderma.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights the complex interplay between autoimmune disease and neurological injury.
    • Understanding the protective effect of hemiplegia could offer insights into disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.
    • Further research is warranted to explore this phenomenon in systemic sclerosis and other rheumatic conditions.