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Related Experiment Videos

Calcium intake: covariates and confounders.

T L Holbrook1, E Barrett-Connor

  • 1Department of Community and Family Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0607.

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|March 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Dietary calcium intake is linked to other nutrient patterns in older adults. High calcium consumers also had higher protein, vitamin D, and lower alcohol intake, suggesting dietary interactions.

Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Gerontology
  • Dietary Analysis

Background:

  • Dietary calcium is often linked to health benefits, including reduced risk of osteoporosis, hypertension, and colon cancer.
  • Understanding nutrient patterns associated with calcium intake is crucial for evaluating its health effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate nutrient intake patterns in relation to dietary calcium levels among older adults.
  • To examine the association between calcium intake tertiles and the consumption of other essential nutrients and dietary components.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 24-hour dietary data from 426 men and 531 women aged 50-79 years.
  • Calcium intake was adjusted for nutrient density and categorized into low, mid, and high tertiles.
  • Distribution of protein, fat, fiber, vitamins, minerals, and alcohol was examined across calcium intake groups.

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Main Results:

  • Higher calcium intake was associated with significantly higher intakes of protein, saturated fatty acids, vitamin D, magnesium, and phosphorus in both men and women.
  • Individuals with high calcium intake consumed significantly less alcohol compared to those with low and mid intake.
  • These findings highlight multicollinearity in Western dietary patterns concerning calcium intake.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary calcium intake in older adults is part of a broader nutrient complex, including protein, vitamin D, and minerals.
  • The protective role of calcium may be influenced by co-occurring dietary factors, particularly within the context of Western diets.
  • Further research should account for these dietary interdependencies when investigating calcium's health benefits.