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Titanium oxide as substrate for neural cell growth.

Mónica Carballo-Vila¹, Berta Moreno-Burriel, Eva Chinarro

¹Neural Repair Laboratory, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (SESCAM), Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Finca La Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A

|May 17, 2008

Summary

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) surfaces promote neuron survival and axonal growth, crucial for implantable devices. Optimized rutile TiO2 shows potential for neuroprostheses, enhancing biocompatibility and nerve regeneration.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Neuroscience
Materials Chemistry

Background:

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) exhibits anti-inflammatory properties and tunable electrochemical behavior, making it suitable for implantable devices.
The rutile polymorph of TiO2 is investigated for its potential in neural applications due to its stability and unique crystallochemical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To prepare and characterize rutile TiO2 surfaces for neuronal cell culture.
To evaluate the biocompatibility and axon growth promotion of these rutile surfaces for potential use in neuroprostheses.

Main Methods:

Rutile disks were fabricated by sintering TiO2 powders, either commercial or precipitated from Ti(IV)-isopropoxide hydrolysis.
Cultured rat cerebral cortex neurons were grown on the prepared rutile surfaces.

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Neuronal survival, adherence, and neurite outgrowth were assessed.

Main Results:

Rutile derived from commercial powders showed abnormal grain growth and limited neuron survival/neurite extension due to impurities.
Rutile synthesized from precipitated powders exhibited homogenous grain growth and supported neuron survival for over 10 days.
Optimized thermal treatment enabled rutile surfaces to promote normal axonal elongation, though dendrite growth was often impaired.

Conclusions:

Rutile TiO2 surfaces, particularly those prepared from precipitated precursors with controlled thermal treatment, demonstrate significant potential as substrates for neural cell growth.
These findings highlight the promise of titanium oxide in developing advanced neuroprostheses and other medical devices requiring enhanced biocompatibility and nerve regeneration capabilities.