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Open bite in prematurely born children.

V Harila¹, T Heikkinen, M Grön

¹Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. Virpi.Harila@oulu.fi

Journal of Dentistry for Children (Chicago, Ill.)

|May 17, 2008

Summary

Premature birth and ethnicity impact open bite development in children. Preterm African American boys showed a higher incidence, suggesting increased predisposition to etiological factors.

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Dentistry
Craniofacial Development
Public Health

Background:

Open bite is a malocclusion affecting dental development.
Premature birth is a potential risk factor for various developmental issues.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the prevalence of anterior open bite in prematurely born children.
To identify etiological factors contributing to open bite in this population.

Main Methods:

Cross-sectional study of 328 preterm and 1,804 full-term children (aged 6-12 years).
Analysis of dental casts and photographs to record occlusion.
Chi-square analysis for statistical comparison.

Main Results:

Higher incidence of anterior open bite in preterm (9%) vs. control (7%) groups.
Significantly greater prevalence in African Americans (9%) compared to Caucasians (3%).
Preterm African American boys exhibited the highest prevalence (11%).

Conclusions:

Anterior open bite development differs between ethnic and gender groups.
Premature birth influences dental occlusal development.
Preterm children may be more susceptible to factors causing open bite, including health conditions and breathing issues.