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Related Concept Videos

Teeth01:15

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...
The Oral Microbiota01:27

The Oral Microbiota

The oral microbiome includes a complex ecosystem comprising over 700 microbial species, identified through genomic sequencing and culture-based analyses to date. This community includes a core microbiome, found universally among individuals, and a variable component influenced by environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, and host genetics. Site-specific conditions, including oxygen gradients, pH levels, and nutrient availability, determine the spatial distribution of these microorganisms...
Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema

Emphysema, a major phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is characterized by irreversible destruction of alveolar walls and permanent enlargement of distal airspaces. Unlike chronic bronchitis, which primarily affects the airways, emphysema predominantly involves the lung parenchyma, where structural damage leads to airflow limitation.PathophysiologyIt most commonly results from prolonged exposure to cigarette smoke and other toxic gases, particularly cigarette smoke.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common, preventable, and treatable respiratory disorder characterized by persistent symptoms and progressive airflow limitation. This limitation results from a combination of small-airway disease (obstructive bronchiolitis) and parenchymal destruction (emphysema), both driven by chronic inflammation from exposure to harmful particles or gases.The disease includes two main pathological entities: emphysema, marked by destruction of alveolar walls and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils
07:15

Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils

Published on: January 21, 2020

Periodontal disease.

Brook A Niemiec1

  • 1Southern California Veterinary Dental Specialties, San Diego, CA 92111, USA. bn@vetdentalrad.com

Topics in Companion Animal Medicine
|May 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Periodontal disease is a common but undertreated issue in pets, often progressing without obvious signs. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent severe local and systemic health consequences in animals.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Dentistry

Background:

  • Periodontal disease is the most frequent diagnosis in small animal veterinary medicine.
  • It is often asymptomatic in early stages, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment.
  • This delay results in significant undertreatment and progression of the disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the pathogenesis, clinical features, and diagnostic methods of periodontal disease in small animals.
  • To highlight the severe local and systemic consequences of untreated periodontal disease.
  • To emphasize the importance of client education and compliance in managing this prevalent condition.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on periodontal disease in small animals.
  • Discussion of the pathological processes involved in disease development.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils
07:15

Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils

Published on: January 21, 2020

  • Categorization of local and systemic health impacts.

    • Main Results:

    • Periodontal disease can lead to oronasal fistulas, perio-endo lesions, fractures, ocular issues, osteomyelitis, and oral cancer.
    • Systemic complications include renal, hepatic, pulmonary, and cardiac diseases, as well as osteoporosis, pregnancy complications, and diabetes mellitus.

    Conclusions:

    • Periodontal disease is a critical, undertreated health problem in veterinary medicine.
    • Prompt diagnosis and consistent therapeutic compliance are essential to mitigate severe health outcomes.
    • Understanding the extensive consequences is key for effective client communication and patient care.