Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Lung Rapid Recovery Procurement Combined with Abdominal Normothermic Regional Perfusion in Controlled Donation after Circulatory Death
09:54

Lung Rapid Recovery Procurement Combined with Abdominal Normothermic Regional Perfusion in Controlled Donation after Circulatory Death

Published on: August 15, 2022

Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI): a report of two pediatric cases

Işil Yildirim1, Mehmet Sah Ipek, Pelin Zorlu

  • 1Dr. Sami Ulus Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

Pediatric Hematology and Oncology
|May 20, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a serious transfusion reaction. Prompt recognition and understanding of TRALI are crucial for reducing patient harm.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Pediatric Pulmonology

Background:

  • Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a severe, potentially fatal complication of blood product transfusion.
  • TRALI necessitates inclusion in the differential diagnosis for patients experiencing acute respiratory distress post-transfusion.

Observation:

  • Presents two pediatric cases of TRALI.
  • Highlights the clinical presentation of TRALI in children.

Findings:

  • Discusses the diagnostic criteria for TRALI.
  • Explores the underlying pathophysiology of TRALI.
  • Reviews current treatment strategies for TRALI.

Implications:

  • Emphasizes the importance of heightened awareness and timely diagnosis of TRALI.
  • Underscores the need for improved understanding to mitigate TRALI-associated morbidity and mortality.
  • Informs clinical practice regarding transfusion safety and adverse event management.

Related Concept Videos

Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen01:16

Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen

Oxygen therapy is a pivotal aspect of medical care, particularly for patients with respiratory ailments. Two prominent oxygen-delivering systems include the Venturi mask and the transtracheal oxygen catheter.
Venturi Mask
The Venturi mask, named after the Venturi effect, is designed to deliver precise oxygen concentrations. It consists of a large tube with an oxygen inlet that narrows down, causing a pressure drop that pulls air in through adjustable side ports. The mask is a lightweight,...
Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis01:26

Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis

Thoracentesis(Thoracocentesis), commonly known as pleural tap, is a medical procedure where a 22 gauge needle is inserted into the pleural space, the area between the lung and chest wall. This procedure is commonly performed to diagnose or treat various respiratory disorders.
Description
Excess pleural fluid or air may accumulate in some respiratory disorders in the thoracic cavity. To treat pleural effusion, a physician conducts thoracentesis by carefully piercing the chest wall and entering...
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
Flail Chest-II01:26

Flail Chest-II

Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History: