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Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems

Intrauterine Drug Delivery Systems

Controlled-release systems for intravaginal and intrauterine drug delivery have been developed primarily for the administration of contraceptive steroid hormones. These delivery routes circumvent first-pass hepatic metabolism, thereby enhancing bioavailability and allowing for reduced systemic dosages compared to oral administration. Such approaches contribute to improved therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance, particularly in long-term contraceptive regimens.Intravaginal Drug Delivery...

Birth Control Methods

Birth Control Methods

Vasectomy is a surgical form of male sterilization that involves severing and sealing the vasa deferentia, preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation. Because a vasectomy does not impact the testes' ability to produce testosterone, hormone levels, libido, and sexual function generally remain unchanged. While vasectomy is highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with a success rate near 99.85%, rare cases of recanalization (spontaneous reconnection) can occur. Although vasectomy...

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH release.

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle. At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Introduction of Intracapsular Rotary-cut Procedures (IRCP): A Modified Hysteromyomectomy Procedures Facilitating Fertility Preservation

Introduction of Intracapsular Rotary-cut Procedures (IRCP): A Modified Hysteromyomectomy Procedures Facilitating Fertility Preservation

Published on: January 17, 2019

[Rationalizing progestin-only contraception (except IUS with levonorgestrel)].

C Jamin¹, P Madelenat

¹169, boulevard Haussmann, 75008 Paris, France. jamin.ch@gmail.com

Gynecologie, Obstetrique & Fertilite

|May 20, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Pure progestin contraceptives aim to avoid artificial estrogens, reduce natural estrogen levels, and minimize liver impact. Current options do not fully meet these contraceptive objectives for women with specific health conditions.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Introduction of Intracapsular Rotary-cut Procedures (IRCP): A Modified Hysteromyomectomy Procedures Facilitating Fertility Preservation

Introduction of Intracapsular Rotary-cut Procedures (IRCP): A Modified Hysteromyomectomy Procedures Facilitating Fertility Preservation

Published on: January 17, 2019

Area of Science:

Reproductive endocrinology and pharmacology
Hormonal contraception

Context:

Current pure progestin contraceptives do not fully address key therapeutic objectives.
Estrogen-dependent pathologies and metabolic conditions necessitate careful contraceptive selection.

Purpose:

To outline the four primary objectives for using pure progestin contraception.
To highlight the limitations of existing progestin-only products in meeting these objectives.
To emphasize the importance of understanding progestin pharmacology for clinical application.

Summary:

Pure progestin contraceptives aim to avoid exogenous estrogens, lower endogenous estrogen, prevent adverse protein synthesis via hepatic passage, and stabilize hormone levels.
These objectives are crucial for women with estrogen-dependent conditions, metabolic issues, vascular risks, or hormone-related symptoms.
Pharmacological knowledge guides the selection of appropriate progestins for individual patient needs and long-term use.

Impact:

Informed selection of progestin-only contraceptives can improve patient outcomes and safety.
Understanding product pharmacology allows for better management of women with specific pathologies requiring hormonal contraception.
This approach supports personalized medicine in reproductive health, optimizing contraceptive efficacy and minimizing risks.