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Early history of neck dissection
Alessandra Rinaldo1, Alfio Ferlito, Carl E Silver
1Department of Surgical Sciences, ENT Clinic, University of Udine, Policlinico Universitario, Piazzale S. Maria della Misericordia, 33100, Udine, Italy. alessandra.rinaldo@uniud.it
Summary
Neck dissection is a critical surgical treatment for head and neck cancer patients with lymph node metastasis. This procedure evolved significantly from the 19th to mid-20th century, becoming a standard management tool.
Area of Science:
- Surgical Oncology
- Head and Neck Cancer Research
- Medical History
Background:
- Cervical lymph node metastasis is a key prognostic factor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
- Neck dissection is the standard surgical intervention for managing metastatic cancer in the neck.
Observation:
- Historical review of neck dissection literature from the 19th to mid-20th century.
- Pioneering contributions by surgeons like von Langenbeck, Billroth, Kocher, and Crile.
- Development of elective and en bloc neck dissection techniques.
Findings:
- Early concepts of neck dissection emerged in the 19th century with limited success.
- Significant advancements in the early 20th century, notably Crile's radical neck dissections.
- Martin's 1951 report solidified radical neck dissection as a cornerstone of modern treatment.
Implications:
- Neck dissection evolved into a fundamental surgical tool for head and neck cancer management.
- Understanding the historical development aids in appreciating current surgical standards.
- The procedure's evolution highlights advancements in oncologic surgery and patient outcomes.
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