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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Touchscreen Sustained Attention Task (SAT) for Rats

Touchscreen Sustained Attention Task (SAT) for Rats

Published on: September 15, 2017

The multiple dimensions of sustained attention.

Tim Shallice¹, Donald T Stuss, Michael P Alexander

¹SISSA, Trieste, Italy. shallice@sissa.it

Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior

|May 21, 2008

Summary

Frontal lobe lesions impact sustained counting abilities. Superior Medial (SM) frontal cortex damage impairs counting at both slow and fast rates, while Right Lateral (RL) frontal cortex damage affects fast rate counting.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology
Neuropsychology

Background:

Sustained counting, or temporal numerosity judgments, is crucial for understanding anterior attentional processes.
Investigating the role of specific frontal lobe regions in temporal attention is essential for cognitive models.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine the effects of localized frontal lobe lesions on sustained counting performance.
To differentiate the roles of Superior Medial (SM) and Right Lateral (RL) frontal cortex in temporal numerosity judgments.

Main Methods:

Forty-three patients with frontal lobe lesions were tested on two sustained counting tasks (slow and fast stimulus presentation rates).
Stimuli counts ranged from 8 to 22, presented at approximately 1 per 3 seconds (slow) or 3 per second (fast).
Lesion locations were mapped to specific Brodmann areas within the SM and RL frontal regions.

Main Results:

Patients with Superior Medial (SM) lesions (Brodmann areas 24, 32, 9) showed deficits in both slow and fast counting conditions, underestimating stimulus numbers in the fast condition.
Patients with Right Lateral (RL) lesions (Brodmann areas 8, 45, 46) exhibited difficulties specifically in the fast counting condition, particularly with higher target numbers (>15).

Conclusions:

The findings support a model where the SM frontal cortex is involved in energizing attentional processes.
The RL frontal cortex appears critical for monitoring processes during temporal numerosity tasks.
These results contribute to understanding the functional neuroanatomy of anterior attention.