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Isolation of Culturable Yeasts and Molds from Soils to Investigate Fungal Population Structure
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Polyphasic taxonomy of Aspergillus section Usti.

J Houbraken1, M Due, J Varga

  • 1CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre, PO Box 85167, NL-3508 AD Utrecht, the Netherlands.

Studies in Mycology
|May 21, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Aspergillus insuetus has been revived as a distinct species from Aspergillus ustus, differing in chemical profiles and metabolite production. This research also identifies Aspergillus keveii as a closely related but separate species within Aspergillus section Usti.

Keywords:
AspergillusITSactincalmodulinextrolite profilesphylogeneticspolyphasic taxonomy.β-tubulin

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Fungal Taxonomy
  • Chemical Ecology

Background:

  • Aspergillus ustus is a ubiquitous fungal species found in diverse environments, including food, soil, and indoor settings.
  • Accurate species delineation is crucial for understanding fungal ecology, potential pathogenicity, and biotechnological applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate the taxonomic status of Aspergillus insuetus based on comprehensive data.
  • To differentiate A. insuetus from A. ustus and related species.
  • To expand the understanding of species diversity within Aspergillus section Usti.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of chemical profiles, including secondary metabolite production (e.g., drimans, ophiobolins, ustic acid, austocystins).
  • Molecular phylogenetic analyses using genetic markers.
  • Morphological characterization of fungal isolates.
  • Physiological assessments.

Main Results:

  • Aspergillus insuetus is taxonomically separated from A. ustus, supported by distinct chemical and molecular data.
  • A. insuetus produces drimans and ophiobolin G and H, but not ustic acid or austocystins, unlike A. ustus.
  • A new species, Aspergillus keveii, is identified as closely related to A. insuetus but morphologically, molecularly, and physiologically distinct.
  • Aspergillus section Usti sensu stricto now comprises eight species, including A. ustus, A. puniceus, A. granulosus, A. pseudodeflectus, A. calidoustus, A. insuetus, A. keveii, and Emericella heterothallica.

Conclusions:

  • The revival and clear definition of Aspergillus insuetus contribute to a more precise fungal taxonomy.
  • The identification of Aspergillus keveii expands the known biodiversity within Aspergillus section Usti.
  • This study refines the classification of Aspergillus section Usti, providing a clearer framework for future research on these fungi.