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Related Concept Videos

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia01:30

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the cerebellum's...
Role of Hippocampus in Memory01:19

Role of Hippocampus in Memory

The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory01:23

Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory

Neurotransmitters are integral to the brain's communication system, enabling neurons to transmit signals across synapses. This chemical exchange underpins various cognitive functions, including memory processes. The role of neurotransmitters in memory is multifaceted, influencing the encoding, consolidation, and retrieval of memories through their action on different neural circuits.
 Glutamate and Synaptic Plasticity
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Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory01:26

Higher Mental Functions of Brain: Learning and Memory

Memory is one of the most vital higher mental functions of the brain. Memory is closely related to learning because it enables us to retain information and experiences from our past to use them in our present life. It also helps us to remember facts, events, and skills, such as riding a bike or swimming. There are two types of memory — declarative memory, which involves memorizing facts or events, and procedural memory, which enables us to remember how to do something like writing or playing an...
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Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
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Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills
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Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Published on: April 23, 2014

The cognitive neuroscience of memory function and dysfunction in schizophrenia.

Charan Ranganath1, Michael J Minzenberg, J Daniel Ragland

  • 1Center for Neuroscience and Department of Psychology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95618, USA. cranganath@ucdavis.edu

Biological Psychiatry
|May 23, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Schizophrenia patients exhibit significant episodic memory deficits, impacting daily life. Research highlights item-specific and relational memory as key targets for developing new cognitive treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroscience of Schizophrenia

Background:

  • Schizophrenia is characterized by severe episodic memory impairments, affecting patient quality of life and functional outcomes.
  • Current pharmacological treatments offer limited efficacy for these memory deficits, underscoring the need for novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review progress in understanding episodic memory mechanisms in schizophrenia.
  • To identify promising cognitive constructs for translational research and clinical trial development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of cognitive neuroscience research presented at the CNTRICS meeting.
  • Focus on item-specific and relational memory processes.
  • Discussion of candidate brain regions implicated in episodic memory.

Main Results:

  • Significant advancements in understanding episodic memory formation and retrieval.
  • Identification of item-specific and relational memory as priority targets for translational development.
  • Contextualization of episodic memory research within schizophrenia.

Conclusions:

  • Episodic memory is a critical domain for improving cognitive function in schizophrenia.
  • Item-specific and relational memory measures show promise for immediate translational development.
  • Further research into candidate brain regions is warranted.