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Related Experiment Videos

Immune modulation in the guinea pig using cortisone acetate.

R L Scipioni1, R B Baggs, A L Kraus

  • 1Division of Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY 14642.

Laboratory Animal Science
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Cortisone acetate administration in guinea pigs significantly impacted body weight and thymus, affecting lymphocyte and neutrophil counts. Antibody titers decreased, and histological changes were observed, including necrotizing hepatitis.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Toxicology
  • Veterinary Pathology

Background:

  • Glucocorticoids like cortisone acetate are potent immunomodulators.
  • Understanding steroid effects on animal models is crucial for human health research.
  • Guinea pigs are a relevant model for studying immune responses and drug toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effects of different doses of cortisone acetate on guinea pigs.
  • To assess impacts on body weight, immune cell counts, antibody production, and tissue histology.
  • To investigate potential toxicological outcomes, including liver pathology.

Main Methods:

  • Administration of cortisone acetate (0, 20, 200 mg/kg) to guinea pigs over two 7-day periods.
  • Monitoring body weight gain, thymic weight, leukocyte counts (total, differential), and serum antibody titers.

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  • Assessing dermal hypersensitivity responses and performing histological evaluations of lymphoid organs and liver.
  • Investigating focal necrotizing hepatitis observed at necropsy.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant reductions in body weight gain and thymic weight were observed with cortisone acetate treatment.
    • While total leukocyte counts remained unchanged, significant alterations in lymphocyte and neutrophil proportions were noted.
    • A significant decrease in serum antibody titer against a bacterin was observed.
    • Histological examination revealed steroid-related changes in thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, and liver, with 24/40 animals exhibiting focal necrotizing hepatitis.

    Conclusions:

    • Cortisone acetate significantly affects growth, immune cell profiles, and antibody production in guinea pigs.
    • The observed necrotizing hepatitis warrants further investigation, although its cause remains undetermined.
    • These findings highlight the dose-dependent immunomodulatory and potential toxic effects of corticosteroids in this animal model.