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Related Concept Videos

Sampling Methods: Sample Types01:18

Sampling Methods: Sample Types

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Design and Use of a Full Flow Sampling System (FFS) for the Quantification of Methane Emissions
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Field testing a flow-through sampler for semivolatile organic compounds in air.

Hang Xiao1, Hayley Hung, Tom Harner

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M1C 1A4.

Environmental Science & Technology
|May 24, 2008
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Summary

A new wind-powered flow-through sampler (FTS) effectively collects semivolatile organic compounds (SOCs) from air without electricity. Its performance in field tests, measuring polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), compared favorably to traditional methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Air Quality Monitoring

Background:

  • Semivolatile organic compounds (SOCs) are air pollutants of concern.
  • Traditional air samplers often require electricity, limiting their use in remote areas.
  • Developing efficient, grid-independent air sampling technologies is crucial for comprehensive environmental monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance of a wind-powered flow-through sampler (FTS) for collecting gaseous and particle-bound SOCs.
  • To establish quantitative relationships between wind speed and sampling volume for the FTS.
  • To compare the effectiveness of the FTS with a traditional pumped high-volume air sampler.

Main Methods:

  • Codeployment of an FTS and a traditional high-volume air sampler using polyurethane foam (PUF) media.
  • Collection of air samples over a 10-month period (August 2006 - June 2007).
  • Quantification of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
  • Analysis of sequential PUF disks to assess compound breakthrough and sampling efficiency.

Main Results:

  • Established quantitative relationships between external wind speed and PUF-measured wind speed, enabling accurate sampling volume estimation.
  • Confirmed minimal breakthrough of even volatile SOCs across sequential PUF disks within the FTS.
  • Demonstrated that FTS air concentration measurements for PCBs and PAHs closely matched those from traditional active high-volume samplers.

Conclusions:

  • The FTS is a viable, grid-independent alternative for sampling SOCs, including PCBs and PAHs.
  • Wind speed and temperature significantly influence FTS sampling efficiency, with distinct behaviors for gaseous and particle-bound compounds.
  • The FTS provides reliable air concentration data comparable to established methods, expanding air monitoring capabilities.