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Related Concept Videos

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders01:27

Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within the...
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Biological Causes of Schizophrenia

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The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin studies.
Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

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Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
Schizophrenia01:17

Schizophrenia

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Schizophrenia: from developmental deviance to dopamine dysregulation.

Robin M Murray1, Julia Lappin, Marta Di Forti

  • 1Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom. robin.murray@iop.kcl.ac.uk

European Neuropsychopharmacology : the Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology
|May 24, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Revised theories of schizophrenia highlight the developmental hypothesis and dopamine hypothesis. New research suggests developmental risks may facilitate dopamine dysregulation, potentially enabling early intervention for schizophrenia.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Schizophrenia research is guided by the neurodevelopmental and dopamine hypotheses.
  • These hypotheses have been recently revised to incorporate new findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent modifications to the neurodevelopmental and dopamine hypotheses of schizophrenia.
  • To explore the integration of these revised theories and their implications for early intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on schizophrenia theories.
  • Analysis of recent animal research on dopamine receptor function and frontal lobe effects.

Main Results:

  • The neurodevelopmental hypothesis now includes environmental factors like substance abuse and social adversity, termed the developmental hypothesis.
  • The dopamine hypothesis suggests excess striatal dopamine causes aberrant salience, leading to psychotic symptoms.
  • Animal models indicate that over-expressed striatal D(2) receptors can cause frontal dysfunction and negative symptoms, challenging traditional views.

Conclusions:

  • Developmental risk factors for schizophrenia may act by facilitating dopamine dysregulation.
  • This integration suggests potential targets for early intervention to prevent cognitive and negative symptoms.