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The effect of exercise on innate mucosal immunity
1Department of Physiology, Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, Australia.
British Journal of Sports Medicine
|May 24, 2008
Summary
Elite rowers show lower salivary lactoferrin, impacting upper respiratory tract protection. Exhaustive exercise transiently boosts salivary lactoferrin and lysozyme, enhancing immediate post-exercise defense.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Immunology
- Physiology
Background:
- Salivary proteins like lactoferrin and lysozyme are crucial for innate immune defense.
- Elite athletes may experience altered immune function due to intense training.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare salivary lactoferrin and lysozyme concentrations between elite rowers and sedentary individuals.
- To investigate acute changes in these salivary proteins following exhaustive exercise.
Main Methods:
- Prospective observational study over 5 months comparing elite rowers (n=17) and controls (n=18).
- Graded exercise test to exhaustion in elite rowers (n=11) to assess acute changes.
- Salivary samples analyzed for lactoferrin and lysozyme concentrations.
Main Results:
- Rowers had significantly lower baseline and mid-season salivary lactoferrin concentrations compared to controls (ES=0.68-0.89).
- No significant difference in lysozyme concentration was observed between groups during the study.
- Exhaustive exercise led to a significant increase in salivary lactoferrin (ES=1.04) and lysozyme (ES=3.0) from pre-exercise to exhaustion.
Conclusions:
- Reduced salivary lactoferrin in elite rowers may indicate compromised upper respiratory tract innate protection.
- Increased salivary lactoferrin and lysozyme post-exercise suggest a transient immune activation for immediate protection.
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