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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...

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Assessment of Vascular Regeneration in the CNS Using the Mouse Retina
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Published on: June 23, 2014

MicroRNAs regulate ocular neovascularization.

Jikui Shen1, Xiaoru Yang, Bing Xie

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287-9277, USA.

Molecular Therapy : the Journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy
|May 27, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs play a role in ocular neovascularization (NV). Restoring levels of specific microRNAs (miR-31, -150, -184) reduced NV in models, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Ischemia-induced retinal neovascularization (NV) is a significant cause of vision loss.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and are implicated in various disease processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of microRNAs in ischemia-induced retinal neovascularization (NV).
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of microRNA modulation in ocular NV.

Main Methods:

  • Microarray analysis to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in ischemic retina.
  • Bioinformatic analysis and luciferase reporter assays to identify miRNA targets.
  • Real-time reverse transcriptase PCR to confirm miRNA expression levels.
  • Intraocular injection of pre-miRNAs to assess their effect on NV in vivo.

Main Results:

  • Seven miRNAs were upregulated and three miRNAs (miR-31, -150, -184) were downregulated in ischemic retina.
  • Downregulated miRNAs (miR-31, -150, -184) were confirmed to be significantly reduced in ischemic retina.
  • Intraocular injection of pre-miR-31, -150, or -184 significantly reduced ischemia-induced retinal NV and choroidal NV.

Conclusions:

  • Alterations in microRNA levels contribute to ocular neovascularization.
  • Restoration of specific microRNA levels via injection is a potential therapeutic strategy for ocular NV.