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Tubercular mastitis in men: case report and systematic review.

Srinivas Rajagopala¹, Ritesh Agarwal

¹Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. visitsrinivasan@gmail.com

The American Journal of Medicine

|May 27, 2008

Summary

Tuberculous mastitis is a rare condition in men, often presenting as a breast lump. Early diagnosis and treatment with antitubercular therapy are key for recovery.

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Area of Science:

Infectious Diseases
Oncology
Surgical Pathology

Background:

Tuberculous mastitis is rarely seen in men, unlike its typical occurrence in multiparous women.
This condition is an uncommon etiology for gynecomastia in adolescent males.

Observation:

A literature review identified 24 male cases of tuberculous mastitis, predominantly presenting as isolated breast lumps.
Symptoms like constitutional signs were infrequent, and evidence of concurrent tuberculosis was noted in less than half of the cases.

Findings:

Diagnostic methods included fine-needle aspiration cytology, with acid-fast bacilli detected in a third of cases.
Diagnosis was often confirmed by granulomatous mastitis, necrosis, and positive response to antitubercular therapy.
The majority of patients showed improvement with antitubercular therapy alone.

Implications:

Tuberculous mastitis is an infrequent cause of male breast masses, necessitating a high index of suspicion for timely diagnosis.
Prompt identification and treatment with antitubercular drugs lead to favorable outcomes in most male patients.