Anterior chamber angle assessment techniques

Angle-closure glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness. Diagnosis and treatment are intricately related to angle assessment techniques. This article reviews the literature on angle assessment and provides recommendations about optimal techniques based on the published evidence. Specifically, we review gonioscopy, ultrasound biomicroscopy, and anterior segment optical coherence tomography, all of which can be used to assess the anterior chamber angle directly. In addition, we discuss surrogate approaches to measuring the angle configuration, including limbal anterior chamber depth measurement, scanning peripheral anterior chamber depth measurement, and Scheimpflug photography.