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Equine viral arteritis: current status and prevention.

G R Holyoak¹, U B R Balasuriya, C C Broaddus

¹Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA. reed.holyoak@okstate.edu

|May 27, 2008

Summary

Equine viral arteritis (EVA) outbreaks linked to artificial insemination (AI) have raised concerns. This review covers EVA case history, current status, and prevention strategies like vaccination and biosecurity.

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Virology
Equine Health Management

Background:

Recent outbreaks of equine viral arteritis (EVA) in New Mexico (2006) and France (2007) highlight the disease's resurgence.
Both outbreaks were associated with artificial insemination (AI) using cooled, shipped semen, leading to significant health and economic impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

To review common concerns and the current status of equine viral arteritis (EVA).
To provide comprehensive information on control and prevention strategies for EVA, including vaccination and biosecurity.

Main Methods:

Review of recent case histories and epidemiological data related to EVA outbreaks.
Synthesis of current scientific literature on EVA pathogenesis, diagnosis, and control.

Main Results:

EVA outbreaks can cause severe respiratory illness, neonatal death, and abortion in horses.
Affected stallions can become carriers, posing a continued risk for disease transmission.
Outbreaks have led to the cancellation of major equestrian events, impacting the industry.

Conclusions:

Effective control of EVA requires a multi-faceted approach combining vaccination and stringent biosecurity measures.
Understanding transmission routes, such as AI with contaminated semen, is crucial for prevention.
Ongoing vigilance and updated management strategies are essential for mitigating the impact of EVA on equine populations.