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Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Blood Flow Imaging with Ultrafast Doppler
Published on: October 14, 2020
Imaging hemodynamics.
Dominique Jennings1, Natarajan Raghunand, Robert J Gillies
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. djenning@email.arizona.edu
Microvascular permeability, a key indicator of tumor treatment response, is crucial for assessing patient outcomes with antiangiogenic therapies. This review explores imaging techniques to measure this biomarker and its clinical potential.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Radiology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Microvascular permeability is a critical pharmacologic indicator of tumor response to therapy.
- It is anticipated to become a clinical surrogate endpoint for antiangiogenic and antivascular therapies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the physiological basis of microvascular permeability in imaging.
- To discuss mathematical models describing transport mechanisms across microvessel membranes.
- To compare various dynamic-enhanced imaging modalities for assessing therapy-induced changes in microvascular permeability.
Main Methods:
- Review of physiological principles of microvascular permeability.
- Analysis of mathematical models for transport mechanisms.
- Comparative evaluation of dynamic-enhanced imaging techniques.
Main Results:
- Dynamic-enhanced imaging protocols are established for estimating microvascular permeability.
- Different imaging modalities offer varying advantages and disadvantages for assessing permeability changes.
- Understanding transport mechanisms is key to interpreting imaging data.
Conclusions:
- Microvascular permeability holds significant potential as a clinical surrogate endpoint.
- Further improvements in imaging techniques and mathematical modeling are needed.
- Integration into clinical protocols will enhance patient response assessment for targeted therapies.
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