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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
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Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
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Murine Superficial Lymph Node Surgery
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CD4+ T cell help improves CD8+ T cell memory by retained CD27 expression.

Matthias S Matter1, Christina Claus, Adrian F Ochsenbein

  • 1Tumor Immunology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Berne, Bern, Switzerland.

European Journal of Immunology
|May 29, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

CD4+ T cell help enhances CD8+ T cell memory by upregulating CD27. This CD27 expression is crucial for robust secondary expansion and effective immune protection against reinfection.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cellular immunology
  • T cell biology

Background:

  • CD4+ T cell help is critical for establishing robust CD8+ T cell memory.
  • Helped memory CD8+ T cells exhibit superior secondary expansion and protective immunity compared to helpless memory CD8+ T cells.
  • The precise mechanisms by which CD4+ T cells instruct CD8+ T cell memory remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of CD4+ T cell help in imprinting CD8+ T cell memory.
  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying enhanced secondary expansion in helped memory CD8+ T cells.
  • To identify novel pathways through which CD4+ T cells regulate CD8+ T cell memory formation.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of CD8+ T cells primed with and without CD4+ T cell help following lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection.
  • Flow cytometry to assess CD27 expression on memory CD8+ T cells.
  • In vitro restimulation assays to evaluate IL-2 production and proliferative capacity.
  • Functional studies using CD27 knockout (CD27-/-) memory CD8+ T cells and blocking antibodies.

Main Results:

  • Memory CD8+ T cells primed with CD4+ T cell help displayed high CD27 expression, while those primed without help showed reduced CD27 levels.
  • Helpless memory CD8+ T cells produced lower amounts of IL-2 and exhibited diminished secondary expansion upon restimulation.
  • Ligation of CD27 during restimulation significantly enhanced autocrine IL-2 production and secondary expansion of memory CD8+ T cells.
  • Studies with CD27-/- memory CD8+ T cells confirmed the critical role of CD27 in mediating these effects.

Conclusions:

  • CD4+ T cell help imprints CD8+ T cell memory by upregulating CD27 expression.
  • CD27 ligation is essential for optimal autocrine IL-2 production and robust secondary expansion of memory CD8+ T cells.
  • Regulation of CD27 expression represents a novel mechanism by which CD4+ T cells control CD8+ T cell memory development and function.