Physical activity interventions in Hispanic American girls and women

The purpose of this article was to review physical activity interventions done with Hispanic American girls and women that were published between 1994 and 2007, and suggest ways of enhancing these interventions. A total of 12 such interventions were found. Majority of the interventions focused on both physical activity and nutrition behaviours. Only half of the interventions were based on a behavioural theory. Social cognitive theory was the most popular theory, which was operationalized by four interventions. The interventions ranged from 3 weeks to 2 years in duration. The impact was not necessarily linked to the length of the intervention. The most popular physical activity that was promoted was walking, which was utilized by four interventions. Most of the interventions utilized a classroom format for imparting instruction in being physically active. All the interventions utilized individual-level behaviour change as an approach, and none tried to address broader policy and environmental-level changes. Process evaluation was done by very few interventions and must be done more systematically. In terms of the impact, half of the interventions were successful in influencing the outcomes. Recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of physical activity interventions in Hispanic American girls and women are presented.