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Related Concept Videos

Flail Chest-II01:26

Flail Chest-II

Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:
Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
Flail Chest-I01:24

Flail Chest-I

Overview of Flail Chest
Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of flail chest is complex, involving fractures of...
The Thoracic Cage: Ribs01:20

The Thoracic Cage: Ribs

Ribs are curved, flattened bones forming the thoracic cavity wall with the thoracic muscles. There are 12 pairs of thoracic ribs. The posterior ends of all the ribs articulate with the T1–T12 thoracic vertebrae. In contrast,the anterior ends of most ribs attach to the sternum via their costal cartilages.
Parts of a Typical Rib
A typical rib has a head, neck, and body. The posterior end of the rib is called the head, followed by a narrow neck. The head articulates primarily with the costal facet...
The Thoracic Cage: Sternum01:17

The Thoracic Cage: Sternum

The thoracic or rib cage forms the body's thorax (chest) portion. Its primary function in the body is to protect vital organs in the thoracic cavity, such as the heart and the lungs. It consists of 12 pairs of ribs with their costal cartilages and the sternum. The ribs are anchored posteriorly to the 12 thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12).
The sternum is the elongated bony structure on the anterior side of the thoracic cage. It consists of three parts: the manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid process.
Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction01:29

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction

Intervertebral disc herniation refers to the displacement of the nucleus pulposus (the gel-like inner core of the disc) through a tear or weakened area in the annulus fibrosus (the outer fibrous ring). The displaced disc material extends beyond the normal boundaries of the disc space and may compress or irritate nearby spinal nerve roots or, less commonly, the spinal cord.Etiology and Risk FactorsHerniation commonly results from degeneration, in which aging reduces disc hydration and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device
04:19

Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device

Published on: November 8, 2024

[Thoracolumbar fractures].

M Freslon1, D Bouaka, P Coipeau

  • 1Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique, CHU de la Milétrie, 2, rue de la Milétrie, 86000 Poitiers, France. m.freslon@chu-poitiers.fr

Revue De Chirurgie Orthopedique Et Reparatrice De L'Appareil Moteur
|August 19, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long-term outcomes for thoracolumbar fractures show good functional results despite some loss of vertebral kyphosis correction over time. Anterior column strengthening may improve patient outcomes.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device
04:19

Minimally Invasive Treatment for Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture Using Sagittal Alignment Screws and A Trauma Reduction Device

Published on: November 8, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Spinal Surgery
  • Traumatology

Background:

  • Thoracolumbar fractures are common injuries with potentially severe functional consequences.
  • Evaluating long-term outcomes is crucial for optimizing treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the long-term clinical and radiological outcomes of patients with thoracolumbar fractures.
  • To identify factors influencing functional recovery and treatment effectiveness.

Main Methods:

  • A multicentric study evaluated 136 patients with thoracolumbar fractures (T11-L2) over a minimum of two years.
  • Clinical assessments included the Oswestry Disability Index, alongside pre- and post-treatment X-rays with follow-up.
  • Fracture types, kyphosis changes, and treatment modalities were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Most fractures were compression type, predominantly at the L1 level.
  • Initial post-operative vertebral kyphosis correction was observed, but some loss occurred over time.
  • Patients achieved excellent functional outcomes, with an average Oswestry score of 6.4.
  • A correlation between functional score and vertebral kyphosis was noted.

Conclusions:

  • Anterior column strengthening, whether isolated or during surgery, may enhance functional outcomes.
  • The Thoraco Lumbar Injury Severity Score (TLISS) aids in selecting appropriate treatments, especially for distraction injuries or posterior ligamentous complex damage.
  • Pre-operative MRI is essential for evaluating posterior ligamentous complex lesions.