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Related Concept Videos

Data Collection by Observations01:08

Data Collection by Observations

Data collection refers to a systematic way of obtaining, observing, measuring, and analyzing accurate information. Observational studies are one of the most widely used methods of data collection. It involves collecting data by observing the behavior and physical characteristics of a sample without making any modifications to the sample.
An astronomer viewing the motion and brightness of stars in the sky and recording the data is an example of observational data collection. A botanist recording...
Observational Studies01:11

Observational Studies

Observational studies are a type of analytical study where researchers observe events without any interventions. In other words, the researcher does not influence the response variable or the experiment's outcome.
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One example of...
Naturalistic Observations02:30

Naturalistic Observations

If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
The Scientific Method01:32

The Scientific Method

The scientific method is a detailed, empirical problem-solving process used by biologists and other scientists. This iterative approach involves formulating a question based on observation, developing a testable potential explanation for the observation (called a hypothesis), making and testing predictions based on the hypothesis, and using the findings to create new hypotheses and predictions.Generally, predictions are tested using carefully-designed experiments. Based on the outcome of these...
The Scientific Method02:40

The Scientific Method

Research is what makes the difference between facts and opinions. Facts are observable realities, and opinions are personal judgments, conclusions, or attitudes that may or may not be accurate. In the scientific community, facts can be established only using evidence collected through empirical research.
The Scientific Method03:50

The Scientific Method

Chemistry is an empirical science. Scientists often pose questions to understand the chemistry in everyday life and seek answers to these questions. To achieve this, scientists follow a definitive series of steps that together make up the Scientific Method. This approach involves making observations, asking questions, building a hypothesis, conducting experiments, analyzing results, and forming a conclusion.

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Problem-Solving Before Instruction (PS-I): A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
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The development and validation of The Inquiry Science Observation Coding Sheet.

P R Brandon1, A K H Taum, D B Young

  • 1University of Hawaii at Manoa, USA. brandon@hawaii.edu

Evaluation and Program Planning
|June 3, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Developing reliable and valid observation instruments is crucial for evaluating K-12 science programs. This study details a method for assessing inquiry science implementation fidelity.

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Area of Science:

  • Science education research
  • Program evaluation methods

Background:

  • Evaluation reports often lack depth in documenting program implementation.
  • Developing robust evaluation instruments, especially observation tools, is complex and rarely detailed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the development of an observational method for assessing K-12 inquiry science program implementation.
  • To present evidence for the reliability and validity of the developed instrument.
  • To provide evaluators with insights into creating observation instruments for program implementation.

Main Methods:

  • Detailed description of the iterative development process for an observation instrument.
  • Collection of data using the developed instrument to measure adherence to inquiry science program components.
  • Statistical analysis to establish the reliability and validity of the collected data.

Main Results:

  • The developed observational method provides a comprehensive assessment of inquiry science program implementation.
  • Evidence of reliability and validity supports the use of the instrument for accurate evaluation.
  • The study illuminates the complexities and decision-making involved in instrument development.

Conclusions:

  • The described method offers a valuable tool for evaluating the fidelity of K-12 inquiry science programs.
  • This work contributes to the methodology of program evaluation by detailing instrument development.
  • The findings empower evaluators with a clearer understanding of creating and using observation instruments.