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Validity of apparent diffusion coefficient hyperpolarized 3He-MRI using MSCT and pulmonary function tests as

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Hyperpolarized helium-3 MRI (HP (3)He-MRI) shows strong correlation with CT scan emphysema measurements. HP (3)He-MRI also better reflects pulmonary function, specifically diffusing capacity, in emphysema patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Emphysema diagnosis and severity assessment rely on imaging and pulmonary function tests.
  • Quantitative imaging techniques are crucial for objective disease evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements from hyperpolarized helium-3 magnetic resonance imaging (HP (3)He-MRI) with multislice computed tomography (MSCT) data.
  • To assess the correlation of HP (3)He-MRI and MSCT findings with pulmonary function tests (PFTs), particularly diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide (%predicted DLCO).

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-seven subjects (22 with emphysema, 5 preclinical) underwent HP (3)He-MRI and MSCT.
  • Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values from HP (3)He-MRI were compared with emphysema index (EI), 15th percentile, and mean lung density (MLD) from MSCT.
  • Correlations were analyzed using Pearson's correlation test between imaging metrics and %predicted DLCO.

Main Results:

  • Mean ADC values differed significantly between established (0.392±0.119 cm²/s) and preclinical emphysema (0.216±0.046 cm²/s).
  • Strong correlations were found between mean ADC and MSCT metrics: EI (r=0.90) and 15th percentile (r=0.90), and moderate correlation with MLD (r=0.59).
  • HP (3)He-MRI showed a higher correlation with %predicted DLCO (r=0.90) compared to MSCT's EI (r=0.76).

Conclusions:

  • HP (3)He-MRI provides apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements that correlate well with quantitative density measurements from MSCT.
  • HP (3)He-MRI demonstrates a stronger agreement with %predicted DLCO, a key pulmonary function test for emphysema, than MSCT.
  • HP (3)He-MRI offers a promising quantitative imaging biomarker for emphysema assessment.