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Related Concept Videos

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
Plasticity00:58

Plasticity

Plasticity is the property where an object loses its elasticity and undergoes irreversible deformation, even after the deformation forces are eliminated. If a material deforms irreversibly without increasing stress or load, then this is called ideal plasticity. For example, when a force is applied to an aluminum rod, it changes its shape, but it does not return to its original shape once the force is removed. Plastic deformation or ductility is thus a permanent deformation or change in the...
Plastic Deformations01:19

Plastic Deformations

Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their original...
Plastic Deformations01:14

Plastic Deformations

It is essential to understand how structural members behave under plastic deformation when the bending stress exceeds the material's yield strength. This state of deformation permanently alters the shape of the member, in contrast to the linear elastic behavior observed before yielding. The strain at any point in the member is expressed in terms of maximum strain. Notably, the neutral axis, which coincides with the centroid during elastic bending, shifts away from the centroid under plastic...
Plastic Behavior01:21

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A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and reloaded.
Classification and Mechanical Properties of Synthetic Polymers01:28

Classification and Mechanical Properties of Synthetic Polymers

Synthetic polymers are classified as elastomers, fibers, or plastics based on their crystallinity. Crystallinity, the degree of long-range order in the solid state, influences the mechanical properties (stretching or contracting) of elastomers. Elastomers are flexible polymers that can expand or contract easily upon the application of an external force. They have numerous crosslinks that pull them back into their original shape when stress is removed. Silicones, for instance, are highly elastic...

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High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal
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Published on: October 31, 2019

Reversible plastic events in amorphous materials.

Micah Lundberg1, Kapilanjan Krishan, Ning Xu

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-4575, USA.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|June 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plasticity in amorphous materials is challenging to understand. This study reveals both reversible and irreversible microscopic plastic events (T1 events) in 2D foam, linking reversibility to energy pathways.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Physics
  • Soft Matter Physics

Background:

  • Understanding plasticity in crystalline materials relies on defect dynamics.
  • Amorphous materials lack this clear microscopic description due to structural disorder.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize microscopic plastic events in amorphous materials.
  • To investigate the coexistence of reversible and irreversible plastic events.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental studies on two-dimensional (2D) foam.
  • Simulations of 2D foam.
  • Analysis of potential energy landscapes.

Main Results:

  • Direct evidence for coexisting reversible and irreversible plastic events (T1 events) at the microscopic scale.
  • Demonstrated a link between T1 event reversibility and pathways in the system's potential energy landscape.

Conclusions:

  • Microscopic plastic events in amorphous materials, specifically 2D foam, can be both reversible and irreversible.
  • The potential energy landscape influences the reversibility of these plastic events.