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Experimental realization of linear-optical partial swap gates.

Antonín Cernoch¹, Jan Soubusta, Lucie Bartůsková

¹Joint Laboratory of Optics of Palacký University and Institute of Physics of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 17. listopadu 50A, 779 07 Olomouc, Czech Republic.

Physical Review Letters

|June 4, 2008

Summary

We demonstrate a linear-optical quantum gate for photon polarization, enabling SWAP and sqrt[SWAP] operations. This method offers high performance for quantum information processing using photonic qubits.

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Area of Science:

Quantum optics
Photonic quantum computing
Quantum information science

Background:

Quantum gates are fundamental operations in quantum computing.
Photonic systems offer advantages for quantum information processing due to low decoherence.
Implementing two-qubit gates is crucial for building scalable quantum computers.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a linear-optical implementation of two-qubit partial SWAP gates.
To demonstrate control over different gate operations using a classical parameter.
To evaluate the performance of the implemented quantum gates.

Main Methods:

Utilizing a linear-optical interferometer to manipulate photon polarization states.
Implementing partial SWAP gates, including SWAP and entangling sqrt[SWAP].
Adjusting the path difference in the interferometer to control gate operations.

Main Results:

Achieved high-fidelity quantum gate operations for photon polarization.
Demonstrated the ability to switch between different gate operations (SWAP, sqrt[SWAP]) via classical control.
Verified gate performance through state reconstruction and quantum process tomography.

Conclusions:

The presented linear-optical setup provides a robust platform for implementing essential two-qubit gates.
The results show excellent performance and controllability, suitable for photonic quantum information processing.
This work contributes to the development of practical photonic quantum computing architectures.