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Related Concept Videos

Inhaled Medications01:23

Inhaled Medications

Inhaled medications are crucial for managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. They are essential for effective treatment and control, ensuring optimal respiratory health and well-being. Inhaled medication delivers drugs directly to the lungs, providing a rapid onset of action and reducing systemic side effects compared to oral or injectable medications. Three primary types of inhalation devices are used to administer these medications: nebulizers, metered-dose inhalers...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Additional Routes of Drug Administration01:18

Additional Routes of Drug Administration

Choosing the appropriate route of drug administration is significantly influenced by two key factors: the therapeutic objectives and the inherent properties of the drug being used.
Administering drugs via inhalation allows for the direct delivery of gaseous, volatile substances or droplets to different parts of the respiratory tract. One of the advantages of the inhalation route is the rapid absorption of drugs into the circulatory system, which is possible because of the large surface area of...
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs through the...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:29

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...

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Dry Powder and Nebulized Aerosol Inhalation of Pharmaceuticals Delivered to Mice Using a Nose-only Exposure System
07:28

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Published on: April 6, 2017

Aerosolized chemotherapy.

Frederic Gagnadoux1, Jose Hureaux, Laurent Vecellio

  • 1Département de Pneumologie, CHU, Angers, France. frgagnadoux@chu-angers.fr

Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery
|June 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inhaled chemotherapy for lung cancer shows promise for increasing drug delivery to tumors and reducing side effects. Further research is needed to confirm its safety and effectiveness in patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Regional chemotherapy is explored for various cancers.
  • Inhaled chemotherapy could enhance lung tumor drug exposure while minimizing systemic toxicity.
  • Preclinical models demonstrate aerosolized chemotherapy's safety and efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the potential of inhaled chemotherapy for lung cancer treatment.
  • To assess the safety, pharmacokinetics, and antitumor effects of aerosolized agents.
  • To determine the feasibility of local chemotherapy administration via inhalation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of proof-of-concept studies in animal models.
  • Analysis of Phase I clinical trials involving aerosol delivery of chemotherapy drugs.
  • Evaluation of pharmacokinetic profiles and systemic toxicity.

Main Results:

  • Animal studies confirmed safety, pharmacokinetic advantages, and antitumor effects of aerosolized chemotherapy (doxorubicin, gemcitabine, liposomal paclitaxel, 9-nitrocamptothecin).
  • Phase I human trials demonstrated feasibility of aerosol delivery for doxorubicin, liposomal 9-nitrocamptothecin, and cisplatin.
  • Observed low systemic toxicity correlated with limited pharmacokinetic profiles.

Conclusions:

  • Aerosolized chemotherapy is a feasible approach for lung cancer treatment.
  • Further studies are necessary to integrate safety, pharmacokinetic, and efficacy data.
  • The role of inhaled chemotherapy in lung cancer management requires further investigation.