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Related Concept Videos

Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).
Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy
08:23

A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy

Published on: November 13, 2016

Imaging epileptic activity using functional MRI.

Karsten Krakow1

  • 1Department of Neurology, J.W. Goethe University, and Brain Imaging Center, Frankfurt, Germany. k.krakow@em.uni-frankfurt.de

Neuro-Degenerative Diseases
|June 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Functional MRI (fMRI) aids epilepsy surgery by mapping brain function and identifying the irritative zone. While ictal fMRI has limitations, EEG-correlated fMRI shows promise for localizing epileptic discharges.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Epileptology
  • Clinical Neuroscience

Background:

  • Functional MRI (fMRI) is increasingly utilized in epilepsy management.
  • Established clinical applications include mapping eloquent cortex for sensorimotor, language, and memory functions.
  • fMRI serves as an alternative to the Wada test for language dominance and presurgical memory assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review functional MRI (fMRI) methods for identifying the epileptic focus.
  • To discuss the clinical relevance and limitations of ictal and interictal fMRI.
  • To explore the utility of EEG-correlated fMRI in understanding epileptic discharge generation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established and emerging fMRI techniques in epilepsy.
  • Discussion of clinical applications of fMRI for presurgical planning.

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  • Analysis of EEG-correlated fMRI for studying interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs).

    • Main Results:

    • fMRI is clinically relevant for identifying eloquent cortex and predicting postoperative deficits.
    • fMRI can replace the Wada test for language dominance and potentially for memory function assessment.
    • EEG-correlated fMRI can identify the irritative zone in focal epilepsy and demonstrate network disruptions in generalized epilepsy.

    Conclusions:

    • fMRI is a valuable tool in epilepsy surgery planning, offering alternatives to invasive methods.
    • Ictal fMRI is limited by practical constraints but EEG-correlated fMRI provides insights into IED generation.
    • The clinical utility of EEG-correlated fMRI in epileptology requires further determination.