Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena01:15

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena

Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not necessarily...
Stress and Mental Health01:30

Stress and Mental Health

Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques IV01:26

Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques IV

Stress often leads to unhealthy habits like smoking, excessive drinking, and overeating, which offer short-term relief but ultimately increase long-term health risks. These behaviors create a cycle that temporarily lowers stress levels but can result in severe long-term health consequences. Breaking these habits is essential to reduce the risk of chronic diseases and improve overall well-being. Three primary changes that support better health include quitting smoking, reducing alcohol intake,...
Drug Dependence01:17

Drug Dependence

Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
Stimulants01:29

Stimulants

Stimulants are substances that enhance neural activity and elevate dopamine levels in the brain, leading to their highly addictive nature. These drugs include cocaine, amphetamines, MDMA, caffeine, and nicotine, each with distinct mechanisms of action and varied health implications.
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Treatment and management approaches for ketamine misuse: A systematic review of medical interventions.

Journal of substance use and addiction treatment·2026
Same author

Psychopharmacology of Methamphetamine in Relation to the United Kingdom Sentencing Guidance: Comparative Analysis with Amphetamine, Cocaine and Heroin.

Brain sciences·2026
Same author

Signal Detection of Depression and Suicidality Associated with Finasteride and Dutasteride: Updated Pharmacovigilance Evidence and Recommendations for Comprehensive Psychiatric Assessment.

Brain sciences·2026
Same author

Health-Related Quality of Life in Previous Versus Current Opiate Users Receiving HCV Therapy: Registry-Based Evidence.

Brain sciences·2026
Same author

Reply to Comment on: "Potential Eye Disorders in People With and Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Exposed to GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: An Examination of the FAERS Database".

American journal of ophthalmology·2026
Same author

Novel Synthetic Opioids (NSOs) and Their Evolving Crisis: Utilising NPS<i>finder</i><sup>®</sup> as a Real-Time Predictive Tool.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Administration of &#916;9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in Adolescent and Adult Mice
07:51

Administration of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in Adolescent and Adult Mice

Published on: August 1, 2025

Is urbanization a risk factor for substance misuse?

Fabrizio Schifano1

  • 1University of Hertfordshire, Pharmacy and Postgraduate Medical Schools, Hatfield, UK. F.Schifano@herts.ac.uk

Current Opinion in Psychiatry
|June 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Urbanization does not consistently correlate with increased drug use, and urban settings may improve access to overdose interventions. Further research is needed on modifiable urban factors influencing substance misuse.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Administration of &#916;9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in Adolescent and Adult Mice
07:51

Administration of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in Adolescent and Adult Mice

Published on: August 1, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Urban Studies
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Over half the global population resides in urban areas.
  • Clear evidence on urban-rural differences in drug use remains undefined.
  • Urbanization's role in substance misuse requires thorough investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review international literature on urbanization and substance misuse.
  • To examine urbanization as a potential risk factor for drug use.
  • To explore the association between urban environments and substance misuse.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review.
  • Analysis of international studies on urbanization and drug use.
  • Examination of urbanization parameters linked to substance misuse.

Main Results:

  • Substance misuse is not consistently observed as a characteristic of urban areas.
  • Urban settings may provide closer proximity to health services.
  • Urban environments can facilitate quicker emergency interventions for overdoses.

Conclusions:

  • More research is needed to understand substance misuse comprehensively.
  • Identifying modifiable urban characteristics influencing substance misuse is crucial.
  • Understanding these factors is vital for theoretical, empirical, and public health advancements.