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Language profiles in ASD, SLI, and ADHD.
Hilde M Geurts1, Mariëtte Embrechts
1Department of Psychonomics, University of Amsterdam, Roetersstraat 15, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. h.m.geurts@uva.nl
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
|June 4, 2008
Summary
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show distinct language profiles. Preschoolers with ASD or specific language impairment (SLI) struggle more with structural language, unlike older children with ASD or ADHD.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Psychology
- Linguistics
- Child Psychiatry
Background:
- Parent reports reveal varied language profiles in developmental disorders.
- Previous research suggests school-aged children with ASD and ADHD share pragmatic over structural language difficulties.
- Preschoolers with ASD and SLI present a different pattern, with more structural than pragmatic challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare language profiles in children with ASD, ADHD, and SLI across different age groups.
- To investigate the relationship between ADHD characteristics (impulsivity, inattention) and language difficulties in preschoolers.
- To discuss the clinical utility of the Children's Communication Checklist-2 (CCC-2) for assessing communication in developmental disorders.
Main Methods:
- Utilized parent-report data to assess language profiles.
- Compared language difficulties (pragmatics vs. structural aspects) in school-aged children with ASD and ADHD.
- Examined language profiles in preschoolers with ASD and SLI, correlating them with ADHD symptom presence.
Main Results:
- School-aged children with ASD and ADHD exhibited similar language profiles, with greater pragmatic than structural difficulties.
- Preschoolers with ASD and SLI showed the reverse pattern: more structural than pragmatic language challenges.
- Impulsivity in preschoolers correlated with increased language difficulties, but inattention did not.
Conclusions:
- Language profiles in developmental disorders vary by age and specific condition.
- ADHD characteristics, particularly impulsivity, are linked to language difficulties in young children.
- Regular communication assessments considering ADHD traits are recommended for clinical practice, with attention to tools like the CCC-2.
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