Neutralization of multiple staphylococcal superantigens by a single-chain protein consisting of affinity-matured,
Xi Yang1, Rebecca A Buonpane, Beenu Moza
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
Abstract:
Staphylococcus aureus secretes various toxins that act as superantigens by stimulating a large fraction of the host's T cells. Toxin binding to variable domains of T cell receptor beta chains (Vbeta) leads to massive release of inflammatory molecules and potentially to toxic shock syndrome (TSS). Previously, we generated soluble forms of different Vbeta domains with a high affinity for binding superantigens. However, a broader spectrum antagonist is required for the neutralization of multiple toxins. In the present study, we expressed Vbeta domains in tandem as a single-chain protein and neutralized the clinically important superantigens staphylococcal enterotoxin B and TSS toxin-1 with a single agent.
More Related Videos
09:39Targeted Antibody Blocking by a Dual-Functional Conjugate of Antigenic Peptide and Fc-III Mimetics (DCAF)
Published on: September 17, 2019
08:07A "Plug-And-Display" Nanoparticle Vaccine Platform Based on Outer Membrane Vesicles Displaying SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain
Published on: July 25, 2022
Related Concept Videos
Antibody Actions
Neutralization
Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Affinity and Avidity
Cross-reactivity
Diversity of Antigen Receptors
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Antibody Structure
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
