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Related Concept Videos

Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction01:29

Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction

Intestinal obstruction is a partial or complete blockage of the small or large intestine that disrupts the normal flow of intestinal contents through the lumen. This interruption impairs digestion, absorption, and fluid balance, and may lead to serious complications if not treated promptly.Mechanical ObstructionMechanical obstruction occurs when a physical blockage prevents intestinal contents from passing, arising from within the lumen or the bowel wall, or from external compression.Adhesions,...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
Pyloric Obstruction01:11

Pyloric Obstruction

Pyloric obstruction, also referred to as gastric outlet obstruction, is a condition characterized by narrowing or blockage at the pylorus—the muscular valve regulating the flow of stomach contents into the duodenum. When this passage becomes impaired, the stomach cannot effectively empty its contents into the small intestine. This disruption leads to a range of gastrointestinal symptoms, including early satiety, bloating, epigastric pain, postprandial nausea, persistent vomiting, and...
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
Diverticular Disease of the Colon01:27

Diverticular Disease of the Colon

Diverticular disease involves the formation of diverticula—small sac-like outpouchings of the colonic wall—and their complications. It most commonly affects the sigmoid colon due to higher intraluminal pressure and structural vulnerability. It results from structural weakness and increased pressure in the colon, producing pseudodiverticula that may remain silent or progress to inflammation and serious complications.Structure of DiverticulaIn diverticulosis, these outpouchings are...

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Murine Distal Colostomy, A Novel Model of Diversion Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice
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A cruel twist: post-operative cecal volvulus.

Christopher D Scott1, Brian M Trotta, Joseph J Dubose

  • 1Department of Trauma and Critical Care, Southern California University, California, USA.

Ulusal Travma Ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi = Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery : TJTES
|June 5, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Cecal volvulus, a rare cause of bowel obstruction, can occur after surgery. This review examines its diagnosis, management, and a case following nephrectomy.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Complications

Background:

  • Cecal volvulus is an uncommon cause of intestinal obstruction, representing less than 1% of cases in Western countries.
  • It is recognized as a potential complication following various surgical procedures, including minimally invasive ones.
  • Surgical interventions that involve medial visceral rotation or disrupt the cecal-peritoneal fusion plane may increase the risk.

Observation:

  • Cadaver and autopsy studies indicate that 10-20% of the population may possess anatomical predispositions for colonic volvulization.
  • The case of J.R., a 78-year-old male, illustrates cecal volvulus occurring six days post-right radical nephrectomy.
  • This case highlights a potential, albeit infrequent, association between nephrectomy and subsequent cecal volvulus.

Findings:

  • The literature review covers the diagnostic modalities and management strategies for cecal volvulus.
  • The presented case underscores the importance of considering cecal volvulus in patients with abdominal symptoms post-surgery.
  • Understanding predisposing factors, such as colonic mobility, is crucial for risk assessment.

Implications:

  • Early recognition and prompt management of cecal volvulus are vital to prevent severe complications.
  • Awareness of this rare complication is important for surgeons performing abdominal or retroperitoneal procedures.
  • Further research into the specific surgical factors predisposing to cecal volvulus may refine preventative strategies.