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Related Concept Videos

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue01:15

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...
Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...
Stem Cell Culture01:17

Stem Cell Culture

Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.

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Traumatic Brain Injury: Its Outcomes and High Altitude.

Journal of special operations medicine : a peer reviewed journal for SOF medical professionals·2016
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SOX2 expression is upregulated in adult spinal cord after contusion injury in both oligodendrocyte lineage and ependymal cells.

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GGF2 (Nrg1-β3) treatment enhances NG2+ cell response and improves functional recovery after spinal cord injury.

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Increased expression of the close homolog of the adhesion molecule L1 in different cell types over time after rat spinal cord contusion.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Long-Term Mouse Spinal Cord Organotypic Slice Culture as a Platform for Validating Cell Transplantation in Spinal Cord Injury
07:37

Long-Term Mouse Spinal Cord Organotypic Slice Culture as a Platform for Validating Cell Transplantation in Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: April 12, 2024

Stem cells in spinal cord injury.

Jean R Wrathall1, Judith M Lytle

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA. wrathalj@georgetown.edu

Disease Markers
|June 6, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Spinal cord injury causes cell loss and lasting deficits. However, endogenous neural stem cells show proliferative responses, offering a potential new therapeutic target for recovery.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Traumatic spinal cord injury leads to significant cell death and persistent functional impairments.
  • Endogenous cellular responses, including glial precursor proliferation, are observed following adult spinal cord injury.
  • Pluripotent neural stem cells may also contribute to the endogenous repair mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the proliferative response of endogenous neural stem cells and progenitor cells after spinal cord injury.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets for enhancing recovery following central nervous system trauma.
  • To explore the role of endogenous neurogenesis in spinal cord repair.

Main Methods:

  • This study focuses on the endogenous cellular response to injury, rather than specific experimental interventions.

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Neural Stem Cell Transplantation in Experimental Contusive Model of Spinal Cord Injury
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Neural Stem Cell Transplantation in Experimental Contusive Model of Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: December 17, 2014

A Neurosphere Assay to Evaluate Endogenous Neural Stem Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Minimal Spinal Cord Injury
09:08

A Neurosphere Assay to Evaluate Endogenous Neural Stem Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Minimal Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: September 13, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Long-Term Mouse Spinal Cord Organotypic Slice Culture as a Platform for Validating Cell Transplantation in Spinal Cord Injury
07:37

Long-Term Mouse Spinal Cord Organotypic Slice Culture as a Platform for Validating Cell Transplantation in Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: April 12, 2024

Neural Stem Cell Transplantation in Experimental Contusive Model of Spinal Cord Injury
10:56

Neural Stem Cell Transplantation in Experimental Contusive Model of Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: December 17, 2014

A Neurosphere Assay to Evaluate Endogenous Neural Stem Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Minimal Spinal Cord Injury
09:08

A Neurosphere Assay to Evaluate Endogenous Neural Stem Cell Activation in a Mouse Model of Minimal Spinal Cord Injury

Published on: September 13, 2018

  • Analysis of cell proliferation markers in the injured spinal cord tissue.
  • Identification and characterization of progenitor and stem cell populations.
  • Main Results:

    • Evidence of a proliferative response from endogenous glial precursors and progenitors post-injury.
    • Potential involvement of pluripotent neural stem cells in the regenerative process.
    • These endogenous cells represent a promising avenue for therapeutic development.

    Conclusions:

    • Endogenous neural stem cells and progenitors are activated following spinal cord injury.
    • Targeting these proliferative cells could be a viable strategy for improving functional recovery.
    • Further research into these endogenous populations may unlock new treatments for spinal cord and brain injuries.