Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu01:29

Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Metabolism: Overview01:27

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Metabolism: Overview

Genetic polymorphism in drug metabolism is crucial to the inter-individual variability observed in drug responses. Drug metabolism primarily involves the chemical modification of drugs and other xenobiotics to enhance their elimination by increasing their polarity. Two main classes of enzymes mediate this biotransformation process: Phase I enzymes, primarily cytochrome P450s, catalyze oxidation and reduction reactions, while other enzymes, such as esterases, mediate hydrolysis, and Phase II...
Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics: Overview01:29

Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics: Overview

Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics examine how genetic factors influence an individual's response to drugs. While pharmacogenetics focuses on the impact of specific genetic variants on drug effects, pharmacogenomics takes a broader approach, studying how genetic variation across populations contributes to differences in drug responses. These fields aim to explain why individuals may experience varying levels of efficacy or adverse reactions to the same medication.Variability in drug...
Drug toxicity: Idiosyncratic Reactions01:16

Drug toxicity: Idiosyncratic Reactions

Idiosyncratic drug reactions represent abnormal chemical responses that vary significantly among individuals, ranging from extreme sensitivity to low doses to insensitivity to high doses. These reactions often occur due to the drug's covalent binding with serum proteins, forming a foreign hapten that triggers an immunotoxicological response. The variability in drug reactions has a strong pharmacogenetic foundation, with genetic differences crucial in how individuals metabolize drugs. For...
Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors01:20

Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors

Antiplatelet drugs emerge as frontline defenders against the insidious threat of thromboembolic diseases, where abnormal clots obstruct vital blood vessels. These drugs stand as bulwarks, inhibiting platelet aggregation and clot formation, thereby mitigating the risk of life-threatening conditions like myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, and thrombotic strokes.
Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors, exemplified by the widely known aspirin, wield their power by irreversibly acetylating...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Functional classification of platelet gene variants using CRISPR HDR in CD34<sup>+</sup> cell-derived megakaryocytes.

American journal of human genetics·2025
Same author

Mitofusin-2 Regulates Platelet Mitochondria and Function.

Circulation research·2023
Same author

The predominant PAR4 variant in individuals of African ancestry worsens murine and human stroke outcomes.

The Journal of clinical investigation·2023
Same author

Actin-bundling protein L-plastin promotes megakaryocyte rigidity and dampens proplatelet formation.

Haematologica·2023
Same author

MAPK-interacting kinase 1 regulates platelet production, activation, and thrombosis.

Blood·2022
Same author

80 years of Clinical Hematology.

British journal of haematology·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Analyzing Platelet Subpopulations by Multi-color Flow Cytometry
08:04

Analyzing Platelet Subpopulations by Multi-color Flow Cytometry

Published on: June 10, 2025

Platelet reactivity and genetics down on the pharm.

Paul F Bray1

  • 1Thrombosis Research Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. pbray@bcm.tmc.edu

Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association
|June 6, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Platelet function varies significantly between individuals, is substantially inherited, and can be reliably measured. Genetic variations in platelet genes may influence the safety of hormone therapy for postmenopausal women.

More Related Videos

Microfluidics in Assessing Platelet Function
06:47

Microfluidics in Assessing Platelet Function

Published on: November 8, 2024

A Microfluidic Flow Chamber Model for Platelet Transfusion and Hemostasis Measures Platelet Deposition and Fibrin Formation in Real-time
09:38

A Microfluidic Flow Chamber Model for Platelet Transfusion and Hemostasis Measures Platelet Deposition and Fibrin Formation in Real-time

Published on: February 14, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Analyzing Platelet Subpopulations by Multi-color Flow Cytometry
08:04

Analyzing Platelet Subpopulations by Multi-color Flow Cytometry

Published on: June 10, 2025

Microfluidics in Assessing Platelet Function
06:47

Microfluidics in Assessing Platelet Function

Published on: November 8, 2024

A Microfluidic Flow Chamber Model for Platelet Transfusion and Hemostasis Measures Platelet Deposition and Fibrin Formation in Real-time
09:38

A Microfluidic Flow Chamber Model for Platelet Transfusion and Hemostasis Measures Platelet Deposition and Fibrin Formation in Real-time

Published on: February 14, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Genetics
  • Hematology
  • Pharmacogenomics

Background:

  • Individual differences in platelet function are significant but not well-studied in large cohorts.
  • Understanding these variations is crucial for personalized medicine, particularly in cardiovascular disease.
  • Platelet function plays a key role in hemostasis and thrombosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize inter-individual variation in platelet function and its contributing factors.
  • To estimate the heritability of platelet function variation.
  • To investigate interactions between platelet gene polymorphisms and hormone therapy outcomes in postmenopausal women.

Main Methods:

  • Recruitment and study of three large populations for different objectives.
  • Genotyping of 2145 women from the Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study.
  • Longitudinal follow-up for coronary heart disease (CHD) events over 6 years.

Main Results:

  • Substantial, heritable, and reproducible variation in platelet function was confirmed.
  • Specific combinations of polymorphisms in GPIbalpha and GPVI genes were associated with varying effects of hormone therapy.
  • These genetic variations influenced hormone therapy harm, benefit, or neutral effects on CHD events.

Conclusions:

  • Platelet function variability is a significant, inherited trait.
  • Platelet genotyping may help predict individual responses to postmenopausal hormone therapy.
  • Future studies are needed to corroborate these findings for clinical application.