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[Different knee prostheses and their technical problems].

H Dejour1, P Neyret

  • 1Clinique chirurgicale orthopédique et traumatologique, centre hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Pierre-Bénite.

La Revue Du Praticien
|June 1, 1991
PubMed
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The choice of knee replacement prosthesis for gonarthrosis depends on lesion location and ligament status. Three main types exist: hinge, sliding, and unicompartmental, each with unique benefits and limitations.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Biomedical engineering

Context:

  • Gonarthrosis (knee osteoarthritis) treatment involves selecting appropriate prosthetic devices.
  • Prosthetic selection is influenced by the extent of degenerative lesions and the condition of knee ligaments, particularly cruciate ligaments.
  • Osseous and frontal deformities also play a role in prosthetic choice.

Purpose:

  • To categorize and describe the main types of prostheses used in gonarthrosis treatment.
  • To highlight the factors influencing the selection of knee replacement prostheses.
  • To provide an overview of the current state and outcomes of total knee replacement.

Summary:

  • Prostheses for gonarthrosis are categorized into three main types: hinge, sliding, and unicompartmental.
  • Hinge prostheses offer high constraint, while sliding prostheses vary in constraint based on cruciate ligament preservation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Unicompartmental prostheses replace only a single knee compartment.

    • Impact:

    • Total knee replacement is a reliable procedure yielding stable, painless knees with significant flexion (mean 110 degrees).
    • Current applications primarily focus on patients with sedentary lifestyles.
    • Understanding prosthetic types aids in optimizing treatment outcomes for gonarthrosis.