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Quantum fluctuations in the time-dependent BCS-BEC crossover.

B M Breid1, J R Anglin

  • 1Fachbereich Physik, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|June 7, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers explored the formation of molecular Bose-Einstein condensates from fermionic atoms using a novel path integral approach. This study offers insights into quantum phase transitions and condensate dynamics, drawing parallels with cosmological phenomena.

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Area of Science:

  • Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
  • Quantum Gases
  • Condensed Matter Theory

Background:

  • Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) are crucial states of matter with applications in quantum computing and precision measurement.
  • Understanding the dynamics of condensate formation from fermionic atoms is key to controlling quantum states.
  • Feshbach resonances provide a powerful tool to tune the interactions between atoms, enabling the creation of molecules and control over BECs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically describe the time-dependent formation of a molecular Bose-Einstein condensate from a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) state of fermionic atoms.
  • To investigate the dynamics of condensate growth by slowly sweeping through a Feshbach resonance.
  • To compare the theoretical findings with phenomenological models like the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau theory.

Main Methods:

  • Application of a path integral approach for molecular fields.
  • Utilizing two-body adiabatic approximations to solve atomic evolution under classical molecular fields.
  • Employing saddle point approximation in the narrow resonance limit for semiclassical analysis of condensate growth.

Main Results:

  • Derivation of an effective action for molecules based on atomic evolution.
  • Detailed description of the time-dependent growth of the molecular condensate.
  • The process is shown to be analogous to the cosmological Zurek scenario.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a rigorous theoretical framework for understanding molecular BEC formation from fermionic atoms.
  • The findings offer a detailed comparison between the derived theory and phenomenological descriptions.
  • This work deepens the understanding of quantum phase transitions and condensate dynamics in driven quantum systems.