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Related Concept Videos

Crossing Over01:34

Crossing Over

Unlike mitosis, meiosis aims for genetic diversity in its creation of haploid gametes. Dividing germ cells first begin this process in prophase I, where each chromosome—replicated in S phase—is now composed of two sister chromatids (identical copies) joined centrally.
The homologous pairs of sister chromosomes—one from the maternal and one from the paternal genome—then begin to align alongside each other lengthwise, matching corresponding DNA positions in a process called synapsis.
In order to...
Crossing Over01:30

Crossing Over

Crossing over is the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I. Genetic recombination gives rise to allelic diversity in the newly formed daughter cells. In humans, crossing over produces genetically distinct haploid egg and sperm cells that undergo fertilization to produce unique offspring. Before cell division starts, the germ cell’s chromosome(s) undergo duplication in the S phase of the cell cycle. As the cells enter prophase I, duplicated...
Crossing over01:34

Crossing over

Unlike mitosis, meiosis aims for genetic diversity in its creation of haploid gametes. Dividing germ cells first begin this process in prophase I, where each chromosome—replicated in S phase—is now composed of two sister chromatids (identical copies) joined centrally.
The homologous pairs of sister chromosomes—one from the maternal and one from the paternal genome—then begin to align alongside each other lengthwise, matching corresponding DNA positions in a process called synapsis.
In order to...
Flail Chest-I01:24

Flail Chest-I

Overview of Flail Chest
Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of flail chest is complex, involving fractures of...
Flail Chest-II01:26

Flail Chest-II

Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:
Test Cross01:39

Test Cross

Alleles are different forms of the same gene. Humans and other diploid organisms inherit two alleles of every gene, one from each parent.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Ischemic Tissue Injury in the Dorsal Skinfold Chamber of the Mouse: A Skin Flap Model to Investigate Acute Persistent Ischemia
10:24

Ischemic Tissue Injury in the Dorsal Skinfold Chamber of the Mouse: A Skin Flap Model to Investigate Acute Persistent Ischemia

Published on: November 17, 2014

[The cross-finger flap].

Kai Megerle1, Katrin Palm-Bröking, Günter Germann

  • 1Klinik für Hand-, Plastische und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie, BG-Unfallklinik Ludwigshafen, Ludwig-Guttmann-Strasse 13, 67071 Ludwigshafen. megerle@bgu-ludwigshafen.de

Operative Orthopadie Und Traumatologie
|June 7, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cross-finger flaps provide effective soft-tissue coverage for phalangeal defects when skin grafts are unsuitable. This technique demonstrates good functional outcomes, though some patients experience cold intolerance.

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Ischemic Tissue Injury in the Dorsal Skinfold Chamber of the Mouse: A Skin Flap Model to Investigate Acute Persistent Ischemia
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Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Hand Surgery
  • Reconstructive Surgery

Context:

  • Soft-tissue defects of the phalanges often require reconstructive solutions.
  • Traditional skin grafting may be insufficient for certain phalangeal injuries.
  • Cross-finger flaps offer an alternative for complex soft-tissue reconstruction.

Purpose:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of conventional and reversed cross-finger flaps for soft-tissue coverage of phalangeal defects.
  • To assess the functional outcomes and patient satisfaction following cross-finger flap surgery.
  • To identify potential complications and long-term results associated with this reconstructive technique.

Summary:

  • The study involved 18 patients undergoing either conventional or reversed cross-finger flaps for phalangeal soft-tissue defects.
  • Surgical technique involved harvesting adipocutaneous flaps, transferring them to the defect, and skin grafting the donor site.
  • Postoperative management included immobilization followed by physiotherapy, with flap pedicle transection after 14-21 days.

Impact:

  • Cross-finger flaps achieved uneventful healing in all cases, with an average Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score of 18 after 38 months.
  • The majority of patients reported "very good" or "good" subjective outcomes.
  • A significant number of patients (16) experienced intermittent cold intolerance, highlighting a potential long-term side effect.