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Suppression of mutagens-induced SOS response by phytoncide solution using Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 umu
Masayoshi Hisama1, Sanae Matsuda, Tomomi Tanaka
1Central Research Center, Toyo Beauty Co., Ltd., Higashinakamoto, Osaka, Japan. hisama@toyobeauty.jp
Abstract:
Four types of phytoncide solution (A-Type, AB-Type, D-Type and G-Type) were evaluated as antimutagenic agents with suppressive effects on the SOS-inducing activity of the mutagen 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylamide (furylfuramide) using Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 umu test. The A-Type, AB-Type, D-Type and G-Type of phytoncide solution suppressed the SOS-inducing activity on furylfuramide at a concentration of 100 microg/mL by 86.1%, 74.7%, 69.5% and 55.4%, respectively, and the ID(50) (50% inhibitory dose) values were 9.0 microg/mL, 22.5 microg/mL, 36.0 microg/mL and 72.8 microg/mL. They also showed the suppression of SOS-inducing activity against other chemical mutagens, such as 4-nitroquinolin 1-oxide (4NQO) and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), which do not require liver metabolizing enzymes, and against 2-aminoanthracene (2AA) and 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1), which require these enzymes, and against UV irradiation, which is a well known physical mutagen. In the search for the component-activity relationship, the A-Type of phutoncide solution suppressed the SOS-inducing activity greater than the other types of phutoncide solution for furylfuramide, 4NQO and MNNG. However, in case of 2AA and Trp-P-1, the D-Type of phytoncide solution was most effective in suppressing the SOS-inducing activity in the umu test. From these results, the four types of phytoncide solutions showed the suppressive effect of SOS-inducing activity against chemical and physical mutagens.
Insights
Four phytoncide solutions demonstrated antimutagenic properties by suppressing mutagenic activity. The A-Type phytoncide solution was most effective against certain chemical mutagens, while D-Type showed higher efficacy against others.
Area of Science:
- Phytochemistry
- Toxicology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Mutagens pose significant health risks, necessitating the search for natural antimutagenic agents.
- Phytoncides, volatile organic compounds from plants, are known for their biological activities.
- Understanding the antimutagenic potential of different phytoncide types is crucial for developing protective strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the antimutagenic effects of four phytoncide solutions (A-Type, AB-Type, D-Type, G-Type).
- To assess their suppressive activity against the SOS-inducing effects of various chemical and physical mutagens.
- To investigate the relationship between phytoncide composition and antimutagenic efficacy.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 umu test to measure SOS-inducing activity.
- Tested four types of phytoncide solutions against the mutagen furylfuramide, 4-nitroquinolin 1-oxide (4NQO), N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), 2-aminoanthracene (2AA), 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1), and UV irradiation.
- Determined the 50% inhibitory dose (ID50) for each phytoncide type against furylfuramide.
Main Results:
- All four phytoncide solutions exhibited suppressive effects on the SOS-inducing activity of furylfuramide.
- A-Type phytoncide solution showed the highest suppression (86.1%) with the lowest ID50 (9.0 microg/mL).
- Phytoncide solutions also suppressed SOS-inducing activity against other mutagens, with varying efficacy depending on the mutagen and phytoncide type.
Conclusions:
- Phytoncide solutions possess significant antimutagenic properties against a range of chemical and physical mutagens.
- The efficacy of phytoncide solutions varies based on their type and the specific mutagen being tested.
- These findings support the potential use of phytoncides as natural antimutagenic agents.
