Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition01:27

Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition

Parenteral Nutrition (PN) delivers essential nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. It is commonly used for individuals with severe digestive disorders or conditions that prevent normal nutrient absorption.
PN can be administered through two primary routes:
1. Central Parenteral Nutrition (CPN):
CPN involves delivering a high concentration of nutrients through a large vein. This is typically achieved using a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) or,...
Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding01:15

Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding

Enteral nutrition encompasses various methods of delivering nutrition directly to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, bypassing traditional oral intake. It is particularly beneficial for patients who cannot eat by mouth but have a functioning digestive system. Key methods include nasointestinal feeding, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy, each suited to different clinical scenarios based on the patient's needs and condition.
Nasointestinal Feeding
Nasointestinal feeding involves placing a tube through...
Enteral Nutrition I: Orogastric and Nasogastric Feeding01:26

Enteral Nutrition I: Orogastric and Nasogastric Feeding

Enteral nutrition delivers nutrients directly to the stomach or small intestine through a tube. This method is appropriate for patients who cannot eat but still have a functioning digestive system. It is also beneficial for individuals with swallowing difficulties, anorexia, malabsorption, or those who have undergone gastrointestinal (GI) surgery.
Orogastric (OG) and nasogastric (NG) feeding are two standard methods used for enteral nutrition. Enteral nutrition is often preferred over...
Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral01:25

Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral

The administration of drugs via parenteral routes allows for direct drug introduction into the systemic circulation, resulting in high bioavailability because the medication bypasses the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatic metabolism.
The intravenous route (IV) of drug administration can be further categorized into two types. The bolus injection administers the entire dose rapidly, while an intravenous infusion slowly delivers smaller doses steadily.
The IV route is often...
Parenteral Drug Delivery Systems: Injectables, Implants, and Infusion Devices01:28

Parenteral Drug Delivery Systems: Injectables, Implants, and Infusion Devices

Parenteral drug delivery systems play a crucial role in modern therapeutics by enabling the direct administration of drugs into the systemic circulation, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract. These systems are particularly valuable for poorly absorbed oral medications that are unstable in the digestive environment or require rapid onset or sustained therapeutic levels. Delivery is achieved through intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous routes, each selected based on the drug's properties...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Family Perspectives on Unmet Needs and Shared Decision-Making in NICU Setting.

Indian journal of pediatrics·2026
Same author

Can Nebulized Epinephrine Prevent Extubation Failure in Neonates?

Indian pediatrics·2026
Same author

Mortality Predictors in Transported Late-Preterm and Term Neonates.

Indian journal of pediatrics·2026
Same author

Original research: surfactant administration using less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) versus enhanced intubate-surfactant-extubate (ENSURE) in preterm infants.

European journal of pediatrics·2026
Same author

Effect of Prone Positioning on Ventilation in Preterm Neonates - A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Indian journal of pediatrics·2026
Same author

From Gavage to Katori Spoon: Rethinking Oral-Motor Readiness in Very Preterm Infants.

Indian journal of pediatrics·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
04:53

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition

Published on: September 20, 2019

Parenteral nutrition.

Deepak Chawla1, Anu Thukral, Ramesh Agarwal

  • 1Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|June 10, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Optimizing parenteral nutrition (PN) for preterm infants is crucial for growth and development. Early PN provides essential nutrients like glucose, protein, and lipids while managing risks such as hospital-acquired infections.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
04:53

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition

Published on: September 20, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Nutrition
  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Intensive Care Medicine

Background:

  • Nutritional insufficiency in early life can cause lasting deficits in growth and neurodevelopment.
  • Preterm neonates often face challenges with enteral feeding due to immature gastrointestinal function.
  • Parenteral nutrition (PN) is vital for providing nutrition when enteral feeding is insufficient.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline optimal parenteral nutrition strategies for preterm infants.
  • To ensure adequate nutrient delivery while minimizing complications.
  • To support healthy growth and neurodevelopment in vulnerable neonates.

Main Methods:

  • Initiating dextrose at endogenous hepatic glucose production rates (4-6 mg/kg/min, 8-10 mg/kg/min for ELBW infants).
  • Providing early protein (3-3.5 g/kg/day) and lipid (3.5-4 g/kg/day) to achieve positive nitrogen balance.
  • Supplementing essential electrolytes and minerals (sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus) in PN solutions.

Main Results:

  • Specific recommendations for initiating glucose, protein, and lipid delivery in preterm infants.
  • Guidelines for electrolyte and mineral supplementation in PN solutions.
  • Highlighting hospital-acquired infection (HAI) as a significant complication of PN.

Conclusions:

  • Parenteral nutrition requires careful titration of macronutrients and micronutrients for optimal outcomes in preterm infants.
  • Balancing nutrient delivery with the prevention of complications like HAI is essential.
  • Effective PN strategies are critical for mitigating long-term growth and neurodevelopmental deficits.