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Autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

V Gupta1, J Shukla, B D Bhatia

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India. vgupta@bhu.ac.in

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|June 10, 2008
PubMed
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Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is rare in children. Oral steroids effectively induce remission in most AIHA cases, but relapses are common, necessitating further management strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hematology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is an uncommon condition in pediatric patients.
  • Understanding the clinical presentation and treatment outcomes is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinico-hematological profile of childhood AIHA.
  • To evaluate treatment outcomes in children diagnosed with AIHA.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective analysis of twelve children diagnosed with AIHA over four years.
  • Exclusion of other hemolytic anemia causes and confirmation via direct antiglobulin test.
  • Follow-up duration ranged from 6 months to 4 years.

Main Results:

  • Pallor was the most common symptom, followed by splenomegaly and jaundice.

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  • Eighty-three percent of patients achieved remission with oral prednisolone.
  • Relapses occurred in 33% of cases, with some developing a chronic disease course.

    • Conclusions:

    • AIHA is an uncommon pediatric hematological disorder.
    • Secondary AIHA cases showed an association with tubercular infections.
    • While steroids are effective for remission, relapse is a significant concern in childhood AIHA.