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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Measurement of Scattering Nonlinearities from a Single Plasmonic Nanoparticle
15:06

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Published on: January 3, 2016

Improved scatterer size estimation using backscatter coefficient measurements with coded excitation and pulse

Steven G Kanzler1, Michael L Oelze

  • 1Bioacoustics Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|June 10, 2008
PubMed
Summary
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Coded excitation (CE) improves ultrasonic scatterer size estimation by increasing echo signal-to-noise ratio (eSNR). This technique enhances accuracy and penetration depth for differentiating diseased from normal tissue.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Ultrasound
  • Medical Imaging
  • Acoustic Characterization

Background:

  • Ultrasonic backscatter coefficient measurements are crucial for estimating scatterer size and differentiating tissue types.
  • Low echo signal-to-noise ratio (eSNR) negatively impacts scatterer size estimation accuracy, introducing bias and variance.
  • Coded excitation (CE) offers a potential method to enhance eSNR in ultrasound imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of coded excitation (CE) compared to conventional pulsing (CP) in improving ultrasonic scatterer size estimation.
  • To assess the impact of CE on echo signal-to-noise ratio (eSNR), estimation bias, variance, and penetration depth.
  • To determine if CE can improve the accuracy of scatterer size estimates in tissue-mimicking phantoms.

Main Methods:

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Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

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  • Measurements of normalized backscatter coefficient were performed on three tissue-mimicking phantoms with varying glass bead sizes (30, 45, 82 µm).
  • Both coded excitation (CE) with a linear frequency modulated chirp and conventional pulsing (CP) techniques were employed.
  • Data acquisition utilized two single-element transducers (5 MHz and 10 MHz), with pulse compression achieved via a Wiener filter for CE.

Main Results:

  • Coded excitation (CE) demonstrated improved estimation bias compared to conventional pulsing (CP) across penetration depths.
  • The depth for accurate scatterer diameter estimation (<25% absolute divergence) using the 10 MHz transducer increased by up to 50% with CE versus CP.
  • CE resulted in a modest reduction in estimate variance with increasing depth of penetration for most phantoms, attributed to enhanced eSNR.

Conclusions:

  • Coded excitation (CE) significantly enhances the accuracy and penetration depth of ultrasonic scatterer size estimation.
  • The improved eSNR achieved with CE mitigates bias and variance in scatterer size estimates, aiding in tissue differentiation.
  • CE is a valuable technique for improving quantitative ultrasound imaging, particularly for characterizing tissue microstructure.