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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early years,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Operating Procedures of the Electrochemotherapy for Treatment of Tumor in Dogs and Cats
06:32

Operating Procedures of the Electrochemotherapy for Treatment of Tumor in Dogs and Cats

Published on: October 24, 2016

Electrochemotherapy in veterinary oncology.

M Cemazar1, Y Tamzali, G Sersa

  • 1Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia the Ecole Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
|June 10, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Electrochemotherapy uses electric pulses to enhance chemotherapy drug delivery, showing high effectiveness against various tumors in humans and animals. This minimally toxic treatment offers significant long-lasting tumor response rates, promising for veterinary oncology.

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Electrochemotherapy of Tumours
03:57

Electrochemotherapy of Tumours

Published on: December 15, 2008

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Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Operating Procedures of the Electrochemotherapy for Treatment of Tumor in Dogs and Cats
06:32

Operating Procedures of the Electrochemotherapy for Treatment of Tumor in Dogs and Cats

Published on: October 24, 2016

Electrochemotherapy of Tumours
03:57

Electrochemotherapy of Tumours

Published on: December 15, 2008

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Biotechnology
  • Veterinary Medicine

Background:

  • Electrochemotherapy combines chemotherapy with electropermeabilization.
  • Chemotherapy drugs like bleomycin and cisplatin have poor membrane permeability.
  • Electric pulses induce temporary pores in cell membranes, enhancing drug uptake.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of electrochemotherapy in treating cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors.
  • To assess the safety and efficacy of electrochemotherapy in human and veterinary oncology.
  • To explore the potential of electrochemotherapy as a primary or adjuvant treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Electropermeabilization using electric field pulses.
  • Administration of chemotherapeutic drugs (bleomycin, cisplatin).
  • Application of electric pulses directly to tumors.

Main Results:

  • Preclinical studies showed excellent antitumor effectiveness and minimal toxicity.
  • Clinical studies in humans demonstrated 80-85% objective responses in cutaneous and SC tumors.
  • Veterinary studies reported approximately 80% long-lasting objective responses in various animal tumor types.

Conclusions:

  • Electrochemotherapy is a highly effective treatment for cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors in humans and animals.
  • The procedure is safe with minimal toxicity and provides significant long-lasting tumor responses.
  • Electrochemotherapy holds promise for treating various tumor types in veterinary oncology, including as an adjuvant therapy.