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Related Concept Videos

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications01:30

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
Gas Chromatography: Types of Columns and Stationary Phases01:17

Gas Chromatography: Types of Columns and Stationary Phases

Gas chromatography (GC) relies on stationary phases to separate and analyze components in a sample. There are two main types of stationary phases: liquid and solid. Liquid stationary phases are non-volatile, thermally stable, and chemically inert liquids coated onto the column. Solid stationary phases are particles of adsorbent material, such as silica gel or molecular sieves.
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Gas Chromatography: Introduction01:13

Gas Chromatography: Introduction

Gas chromatography (GC) is a technique for separating and analyzing volatile compounds in a sample. Its primary purpose is to identify and quantify components in complex mixtures, making it essential in fields such as environmental analysis, pharmaceuticals, and petrochemicals. GC is also called vapor-phase chromatography (VPC) or gas-liquid partition chromatography (GLPC).
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High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction01:11

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction

High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), formerly referred to as High-pressure liquid chromatography, is a powerful technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in complex mixtures. The term "high pressure" refers to using high pressure to push the liquid mobile phase through the tightly packed columns.
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Silica Gel Column Chromatography: Overview01:10

Silica Gel Column Chromatography: Overview

Silica gel column chromatography is a technique for separating compounds using a column packed with silica gel as the stationary phase. This method relies on differences in the polarity of compounds. Based on their polarities, compounds move between the stationary phase (silica gel) and the mobile phase (the solvent), forming discrete bands in the column.
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Size-Exclusion Chromatography

In size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), also known as molecular-exclusion or gel-permeation chromatography, molecules are separated based on their sizes. This technique is important for separating large molecules such as polymers and biomolecules. The two classes of micron-sized stationary phases encountered in SEC are silica particles and cross-linked polymer resin beads. Both materials are porous, but their pore sizes vary significantly.
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Gold microspheres modified with octadecanethiol for capillary liquid chromatography.

Qi-Shu Qu1, Xin-Xin Zhang, Zhen-Zhen Zhao

  • 1College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China. quqishu@gmail.com

Journal of Chromatography. A
|June 10, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Novel gold microspheres modified with n-octadecanethiol (C18-Au) show promise as a stationary phase for capillary high-performance liquid chromatography (microHPLC). These C18-Au particles demonstrate reversed-phase behavior and excellent stability, paving the way for new microHPLC applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Capillary high-performance liquid chromatography (microHPLC) requires robust and efficient stationary phases.
  • Gold nanoparticles offer unique surface properties but their application in packed microHPLC columns is underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize n-octadecanethiol-modified gold microspheres (C18-Au) for use as a stationary phase in microHPLC.
  • To evaluate the chromatographic performance, chemical stability, and mechanical strength of the C18-Au stationary phase.

Main Methods:

  • Monodispersed spherical gold particles (3.5 microm diameter) were synthesized and functionalized with n-octadecanethiol.
  • The C18-Au particles were packed into a 100 microm I.D. capillary column for microHPLC analysis.
  • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize particle size and morphology.
  • Chromatographic separation of neutral organic compounds was performed to assess retention behavior.
  • Chemical stability was tested under alkaline conditions (pH 12) and mechanical stability was evaluated under high pressure.

Main Results:

  • The C18-Au stationary phase exhibited reversed-phase chromatographic behavior for neutral compounds.
  • The material demonstrated excellent chemical stability, remaining functional after 140 hours of mobile phase flushing at pH 12.
  • The C18-Au particles showed high mechanical strength, withstanding pressures up to 52 MPa.
  • Characterization confirmed particle size of 3.5 microm and provided surface area, pore diameter, and pore volume data.

Conclusions:

  • N-octadecanethiol-modified gold microspheres are a feasible and novel stationary phase for packed column microHPLC.
  • The C18-Au phase offers good chromatographic performance, remarkable chemical and mechanical stability.
  • This work establishes a new potential material for advanced separation techniques in microfluidic devices.