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Identifying, Diagnosing, and Grading Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors in Genetically Engineered Mouse Models

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Neurosarcoidosis.

Elyse E Lower¹, Kenneth L Weiss

¹Interstitial Lung Disease and Sarcoidosis Center, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, 3235 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA. elower@ohcmail.com

Clinics in Chest Medicine

|June 10, 2008

Summary

Neurosarcoidosis, a rare complication of sarcoidosis, presents diagnostic challenges. Advanced imaging and immunosuppressive therapies, including infliximab, offer new treatment avenues for this neurological condition.

Area of Science:

Neurology
Immunology
Radiology

Background:

Neurosarcoidosis affects 5-10% of sarcoidosis patients, potentially causing severe complications.
Diagnosis often relies on indirect findings from imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

To review diagnostic modalities and treatment strategies for neurosarcoidosis.
To highlight the utility of advanced imaging and emerging therapies.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on neurosarcoidosis diagnosis and treatment.
Emphasis on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, positron emission tomography (PET) scanning, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination.
Discussion of immunosuppressive agents and biologic therapies.

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An Orthotopic Sciatic Nerve Xenograft for Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Neurofibromas

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Main Results:

MR imaging is the most sensitive diagnostic technique for neurological involvement.
PET scanning and CSF analysis provide complementary diagnostic information.
Immunosuppressive agents (methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine) and infliximab show therapeutic potential.

Conclusions:

Neurosarcoidosis requires a multimodal diagnostic approach.
Immunosuppressive therapy and novel agents like infliximab are crucial for managing neurosarcoidosis manifestations.