Trophoblast from anembryonic pregnancy has both a maternal and a paternal contribution to its genome

In a series of 14 anembryonic pregnancies, deoxyribonucleic acid from trophoblast was examined with locus-specific minisatellite probes. It was found in each case that trophoblast from anembryonic pregnancy has both a maternal and a paternal contribution to its genome. This means that although anembryonic pregnancy shares characteristics with complete hydatidiform mole and androgenetic development in the mouse in that there is no embryo, it does not arise by the same genetic process. Of three anembryonic pregnancies that were successfully karyotyped, two had normal female 46,XX chromosome constitutions and one had an abnormal 47,XX + 16 complement. The sex of the trophoblast in each anembryonic pregnancy was determined with a deoxyribonucleic acid probe with Y-specific bands. A male-to-female ratio of 6:8 was found, which is not significantly different from normal.