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Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells

A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their access...

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Patient Derived Cell Culture and Isolation of CD133+ Putative Cancer Stem Cells from Melanoma

Patient Derived Cell Culture and Isolation of CD133⁺ Putative Cancer Stem Cells from Melanoma

Published on: March 13, 2013

Multiple myeloma cancer stem cells.

Carol Ann Huff¹, William Matsui

¹Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, CRB245, 1650 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.

Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

|June 10, 2008

Summary

Multiple myeloma, a cancer of plasma cells, often relapses despite treatment. Understanding the stem-like cells driving regrowth is key to improving patient outcomes and finding a cure.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Hematology
Cancer Biology

Background:

Multiple myeloma involves abnormal plasma cell growth in bone marrow, leading to bone damage.
Current treatments are effective but rarely curative, with relapse being a major challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the role of clonogenic cells in multiple myeloma regrowth and relapse.
To review evidence for functional heterogeneity within multiple myeloma cells.
To discuss the implications of the cancer stem-cell model for multiple myeloma treatment.

Main Methods:

Literature review of existing research on multiple myeloma.
Analysis of evidence supporting functional heterogeneity in myeloma cells.
Discussion of the cancer stem-cell model's applicability to multiple myeloma.

Main Results:

Evidence suggests functional heterogeneity exists within multiple myeloma cell populations.
The nature of cells responsible for myeloma regrowth and relapse remains unclear.
The stem-cell model offers a potential framework for understanding myeloma persistence.

Conclusions:

Understanding cellular heterogeneity is crucial for improving multiple myeloma treatment strategies.
The cancer stem-cell model provides insights into disease relapse and potential therapeutic targets.
Further research into myeloma stem cells may lead to more effective, curative therapies.